Photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self-doped titanium dioxide
A new carbon self-doped (C-doped) TiO2 photocatalyst was synthesized by sol–gel method, in which titanium butoxide was utilized because of its dual functions as a titanium precursor and a carbon source. The effects of calcination temperature from 200 to 600 °C on the photocatalytic activity towards...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2016-07-01
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| Series: | Sustainable Environment Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468203916300279 |
| _version_ | 1828751767699980288 |
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| author | Mark Daniel G. de Luna Justin Chun-Te Lin Mary Jane N. Gotostos Ming-Chun Lu |
| author_facet | Mark Daniel G. de Luna Justin Chun-Te Lin Mary Jane N. Gotostos Ming-Chun Lu |
| author_sort | Mark Daniel G. de Luna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new carbon self-doped (C-doped) TiO2 photocatalyst was synthesized by sol–gel method, in which titanium butoxide was utilized because of its dual functions as a titanium precursor and a carbon source. The effects of calcination temperature from 200 to 600 °C on the photocatalytic activity towards acetaminophen (ACT, which was used as a model persistent organic pollutant) under visible light were examined. The effects of temperature on the structure and physicochemical properties of the C-doped TiO2 were also investigated by X-ray diffraction, BET measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The specific surface area of the as-doped TiO2 declined as the crystal size increased with increasing calcination temperature. Only amorphous TiO2 was present at 200 °C, while an anatase phase was observed between 300 and 500 °C. Both anatase and rutile phases were observed at 600 °C. Photocatalytic activity increased as the calcination temperature initially increased from 200 to 300 °C but it decreased as the calcination temperature further increased from 400 to 600 °C. The highest ACT removal of 94% with an apparent rate constant of 5.0 × 10−3 min−1 was achieved using the new doped TiO2 calcined at 300 °C, which had an atomic composition of 31.6% Ti2p3, 50.3% O1s and 18.2% C1s. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:59:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-084daa4cccbf40baaaac19d4a6e11d7f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2468-2039 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:59:12Z |
| publishDate | 2016-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sustainable Environment Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-084daa4cccbf40baaaac19d4a6e11d7f2022-12-22T01:33:52ZengBMCSustainable Environment Research2468-20392016-07-0126416116710.1016/j.serj.2016.02.001Photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self-doped titanium dioxideMark Daniel G. de Luna0Justin Chun-Te Lin1Mary Jane N. Gotostos2Ming-Chun Lu3Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines, Quezon City 1101, PhilippinesDepartment of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines, Quezon City 1101, PhilippinesDepartment of Environmental Resources Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, TaiwanA new carbon self-doped (C-doped) TiO2 photocatalyst was synthesized by sol–gel method, in which titanium butoxide was utilized because of its dual functions as a titanium precursor and a carbon source. The effects of calcination temperature from 200 to 600 °C on the photocatalytic activity towards acetaminophen (ACT, which was used as a model persistent organic pollutant) under visible light were examined. The effects of temperature on the structure and physicochemical properties of the C-doped TiO2 were also investigated by X-ray diffraction, BET measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The specific surface area of the as-doped TiO2 declined as the crystal size increased with increasing calcination temperature. Only amorphous TiO2 was present at 200 °C, while an anatase phase was observed between 300 and 500 °C. Both anatase and rutile phases were observed at 600 °C. Photocatalytic activity increased as the calcination temperature initially increased from 200 to 300 °C but it decreased as the calcination temperature further increased from 400 to 600 °C. The highest ACT removal of 94% with an apparent rate constant of 5.0 × 10−3 min−1 was achieved using the new doped TiO2 calcined at 300 °C, which had an atomic composition of 31.6% Ti2p3, 50.3% O1s and 18.2% C1s.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468203916300279TiO2Quadruple-elemental dopingCalcination temperatureVisible light photocatalysisAcetaminophenPersistent organic pollutants |
| spellingShingle | Mark Daniel G. de Luna Justin Chun-Te Lin Mary Jane N. Gotostos Ming-Chun Lu Photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self-doped titanium dioxide Sustainable Environment Research TiO2 Quadruple-elemental doping Calcination temperature Visible light photocatalysis Acetaminophen Persistent organic pollutants |
| title | Photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self-doped titanium dioxide |
| title_full | Photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self-doped titanium dioxide |
| title_fullStr | Photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self-doped titanium dioxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self-doped titanium dioxide |
| title_short | Photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self-doped titanium dioxide |
| title_sort | photocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen using carbon self doped titanium dioxide |
| topic | TiO2 Quadruple-elemental doping Calcination temperature Visible light photocatalysis Acetaminophen Persistent organic pollutants |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468203916300279 |
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