Mangiferin and Hesperidin Transdermal Distribution and Permeability through the Skin from Solutions and Honeybush Extracts (<i>Cyclopia</i> sp.)—A Comparison Ex Vivo Study
Polyphenolic compounds—mangiferin and hesperidin—are, among others, the most important secondary metabolites of African shrub <i>Cyclopia</i> sp. (honeybush). The aim of this study was to compare the percutaneous absorption of mangiferin and hesperidin from solutions (water, ethanol 50%,...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| author | Anna Hering Jadwiga Renata Ochocka Helena Baranska Krzysztof Cal Justyna Stefanowicz-Hajduk |
| author_facet | Anna Hering Jadwiga Renata Ochocka Helena Baranska Krzysztof Cal Justyna Stefanowicz-Hajduk |
| author_sort | Anna Hering |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyphenolic compounds—mangiferin and hesperidin—are, among others, the most important secondary metabolites of African shrub <i>Cyclopia</i> sp. (honeybush). The aim of this study was to compare the percutaneous absorption of mangiferin and hesperidin from solutions (water, ethanol 50%, (<i>v/v</i>)) and extracts obtained from green and fermented honeybush (water, ethanol 50%, (<i>v/v</i>)). Research was performed with the Bronaugh cells, on human dorsal skin. The mangiferin and hesperidin distributions in skin layers (stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis) and in acceptor fluid (in every 2, 4, 6, and 24 h) were evaluated by HPLC–Photodiode Array Coulometric and Coulometric Electrochemical Array Detection. The transdermal distribution of hesperidin was also demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy. Results indicated that mangiferin and hesperidin were able to cross the stratum corneum and penetrate into the epidermis and dermis. An advantage of hesperidin penetration into the skin from the water over ethanol solution was observed (451.02 ± 14.50 vs. 357.39 ± 4.51 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>), as well as in the mangiferin study (127.56 ± 9.49 vs. 97.23 ± 2.92 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>). Furthermore, mangiferin penetration was more evident from nonfermented honeybush ethanol extract (189.85 ± 4.11 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>) than from solutions. The permeation of mangiferin and hesperidin through the skin to the acceptor fluid was observed regardless of whether the solution or the honeybush extract was applied. The highest ability to permeate the skin was demonstrated for the water solution of hesperidin (250.92 ± 16.01 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>), while the hesperidin occurring in the extracts permeated in a very low capacity. Mangiferin from nonfermented honeybush ethanol extract had the highest ability to permeate to the acceptor fluid within 24 h (152.36 ± 8.57 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:55:28Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:55:28Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-0859e5935eab44eda99f9104e1e5fb092023-11-22T21:22:59ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-10-012621654710.3390/molecules26216547Mangiferin and Hesperidin Transdermal Distribution and Permeability through the Skin from Solutions and Honeybush Extracts (<i>Cyclopia</i> sp.)—A Comparison Ex Vivo StudyAnna Hering0Jadwiga Renata Ochocka1Helena Baranska2Krzysztof Cal3Justyna Stefanowicz-Hajduk4Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandPolyphenolic compounds—mangiferin and hesperidin—are, among others, the most important secondary metabolites of African shrub <i>Cyclopia</i> sp. (honeybush). The aim of this study was to compare the percutaneous absorption of mangiferin and hesperidin from solutions (water, ethanol 50%, (<i>v/v</i>)) and extracts obtained from green and fermented honeybush (water, ethanol 50%, (<i>v/v</i>)). Research was performed with the Bronaugh cells, on human dorsal skin. The mangiferin and hesperidin distributions in skin layers (stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis) and in acceptor fluid (in every 2, 4, 6, and 24 h) were evaluated by HPLC–Photodiode Array Coulometric and Coulometric Electrochemical Array Detection. The transdermal distribution of hesperidin was also demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy. Results indicated that mangiferin and hesperidin were able to cross the stratum corneum and penetrate into the epidermis and dermis. An advantage of hesperidin penetration into the skin from the water over ethanol solution was observed (451.02 ± 14.50 vs. 357.39 ± 4.51 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>), as well as in the mangiferin study (127.56 ± 9.49 vs. 97.23 ± 2.92 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>). Furthermore, mangiferin penetration was more evident from nonfermented honeybush ethanol extract (189.85 ± 4.11 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>) than from solutions. The permeation of mangiferin and hesperidin through the skin to the acceptor fluid was observed regardless of whether the solution or the honeybush extract was applied. The highest ability to permeate the skin was demonstrated for the water solution of hesperidin (250.92 ± 16.01 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>), while the hesperidin occurring in the extracts permeated in a very low capacity. Mangiferin from nonfermented honeybush ethanol extract had the highest ability to permeate to the acceptor fluid within 24 h (152.36 ± 8.57 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>).https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6547skin penetrationskin permeationHPLCFabaceaehoneybushfluorescent microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Anna Hering Jadwiga Renata Ochocka Helena Baranska Krzysztof Cal Justyna Stefanowicz-Hajduk Mangiferin and Hesperidin Transdermal Distribution and Permeability through the Skin from Solutions and Honeybush Extracts (<i>Cyclopia</i> sp.)—A Comparison Ex Vivo Study Molecules skin penetration skin permeation HPLC Fabaceae honeybush fluorescent microscopy |
| title | Mangiferin and Hesperidin Transdermal Distribution and Permeability through the Skin from Solutions and Honeybush Extracts (<i>Cyclopia</i> sp.)—A Comparison Ex Vivo Study |
| title_full | Mangiferin and Hesperidin Transdermal Distribution and Permeability through the Skin from Solutions and Honeybush Extracts (<i>Cyclopia</i> sp.)—A Comparison Ex Vivo Study |
| title_fullStr | Mangiferin and Hesperidin Transdermal Distribution and Permeability through the Skin from Solutions and Honeybush Extracts (<i>Cyclopia</i> sp.)—A Comparison Ex Vivo Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mangiferin and Hesperidin Transdermal Distribution and Permeability through the Skin from Solutions and Honeybush Extracts (<i>Cyclopia</i> sp.)—A Comparison Ex Vivo Study |
| title_short | Mangiferin and Hesperidin Transdermal Distribution and Permeability through the Skin from Solutions and Honeybush Extracts (<i>Cyclopia</i> sp.)—A Comparison Ex Vivo Study |
| title_sort | mangiferin and hesperidin transdermal distribution and permeability through the skin from solutions and honeybush extracts i cyclopia i sp a comparison ex vivo study |
| topic | skin penetration skin permeation HPLC Fabaceae honeybush fluorescent microscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6547 |
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