Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in Mexico
Cervical cancer (CC) continues to be a major public health problem in Mexico, ranking second among cancers in women. A persistent infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) is the main risk factor for CC development. In addition, a significant fraction of other cancers including those of the anus,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8566 |
| _version_ | 1797413562979713024 |
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| author | J. Omar Muñoz-Bello Adela Carrillo-García Marcela Lizano |
| author_facet | J. Omar Muñoz-Bello Adela Carrillo-García Marcela Lizano |
| author_sort | J. Omar Muñoz-Bello |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cervical cancer (CC) continues to be a major public health problem in Mexico, ranking second among cancers in women. A persistent infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) is the main risk factor for CC development. In addition, a significant fraction of other cancers including those of the anus, oropharynx, and penis are also related to HPV infection. In CC, HPV-16 is the most prevalent high-risk HPV type, followed by HPV-18, both being responsible for 70% of cases. HPV intratype variant lineages differ in nucleotide sequences by 1–10%, while sublineages differ by 0.5–1%. Several studies have postulated that the nucleotide changes that occur between HPV intratype variants are reflected in functional differences and in pathogenicity. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that HPV-16 and -18 intratype variants differentially affect molecular processes in infected cells, changing their biological behavior that finally impacts in the clinical outcome of patients. Mexico has participated in providing knowledge on the geographical distribution of intratype variants of the most prevalent HPVs in premalignant lesions of the cervix and cervical cancer, as well as in other HPV-related tumors. In addition, functional studies have been carried out to assess the cellular effects of intratype variations in HPV proteins. This review addresses the state of the art on the epidemiology of HPV-16 and HPV-18 intratype variants in the Mexican population, as well as their association with persistence, precancer and cervical cancer, and functional aspects related to their biological behavior. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:20:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-085d96abca5745468fcd3e89e555cf9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:20:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-085d96abca5745468fcd3e89e555cf9a2023-12-03T12:40:37ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-08-012315856610.3390/ijms23158566Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in MexicoJ. Omar Muñoz-Bello0Adela Carrillo-García1Marcela Lizano2Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoUnidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoUnidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, MexicoCervical cancer (CC) continues to be a major public health problem in Mexico, ranking second among cancers in women. A persistent infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) is the main risk factor for CC development. In addition, a significant fraction of other cancers including those of the anus, oropharynx, and penis are also related to HPV infection. In CC, HPV-16 is the most prevalent high-risk HPV type, followed by HPV-18, both being responsible for 70% of cases. HPV intratype variant lineages differ in nucleotide sequences by 1–10%, while sublineages differ by 0.5–1%. Several studies have postulated that the nucleotide changes that occur between HPV intratype variants are reflected in functional differences and in pathogenicity. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that HPV-16 and -18 intratype variants differentially affect molecular processes in infected cells, changing their biological behavior that finally impacts in the clinical outcome of patients. Mexico has participated in providing knowledge on the geographical distribution of intratype variants of the most prevalent HPVs in premalignant lesions of the cervix and cervical cancer, as well as in other HPV-related tumors. In addition, functional studies have been carried out to assess the cellular effects of intratype variations in HPV proteins. This review addresses the state of the art on the epidemiology of HPV-16 and HPV-18 intratype variants in the Mexican population, as well as their association with persistence, precancer and cervical cancer, and functional aspects related to their biological behavior.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8566HPVvariantscervical cancerMexico |
| spellingShingle | J. Omar Muñoz-Bello Adela Carrillo-García Marcela Lizano Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in Mexico International Journal of Molecular Sciences HPV variants cervical cancer Mexico |
| title | Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in Mexico |
| title_full | Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in Mexico |
| title_short | Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in Mexico |
| title_sort | epidemiology and molecular biology of hpv variants in cervical cancer the state of the art in mexico |
| topic | HPV variants cervical cancer Mexico |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8566 |
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