Radiologic Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is not a single disease but a symptom and clinical manifestation of a broad spectrum of conditions in the GI tract. According to its clinical presentation, GI bleeding can be classified into overt, occult, and obscure types. Additionally, it can be divided into upper...

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Main Author: Se Hyung Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Korean Society of Radiology 2023-05-01
Series:Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2022.0174
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author Se Hyung Kim
author_facet Se Hyung Kim
author_sort Se Hyung Kim
collection DOAJ
description Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is not a single disease but a symptom and clinical manifestation of a broad spectrum of conditions in the GI tract. According to its clinical presentation, GI bleeding can be classified into overt, occult, and obscure types. Additionally, it can be divided into upper and lower GI bleeding based on the Treitz ligament. Variable disease entities, including vascular lesions, polyps, neoplasms, inflammation such as Crohn’s disease, and heterotopic pancreatic or gastric tissue, can cause GI bleeding. CT and conventional angiographies and nuclear scintigraphy are all radiologic imaging modalities that can be used to evaluate overt bleeding. For the work-up of occult GI bleeding, CT enterography (CTE) can be the first imaging modality. For CTE, an adequate bowel distention is critical for obtaining acceptable diagnostic performance as well as minimizing false positives and negatives. Meckel’s scintigraphy can be complementarily useful in cases where the diagnosis of CTE is suboptimal. For the evaluation of obscured GI bleeding, various imaging modalities can be used based on clinical status and providers’ preferences.
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spelling doaj.art-08622ba27c474ef0a3287d518530fb902023-05-30T13:51:43ZengThe Korean Society of RadiologyJournal of the Korean Society of Radiology2951-08052023-05-01843520535Radiologic Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal BleedingSe Hyung KimGastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is not a single disease but a symptom and clinical manifestation of a broad spectrum of conditions in the GI tract. According to its clinical presentation, GI bleeding can be classified into overt, occult, and obscure types. Additionally, it can be divided into upper and lower GI bleeding based on the Treitz ligament. Variable disease entities, including vascular lesions, polyps, neoplasms, inflammation such as Crohn’s disease, and heterotopic pancreatic or gastric tissue, can cause GI bleeding. CT and conventional angiographies and nuclear scintigraphy are all radiologic imaging modalities that can be used to evaluate overt bleeding. For the work-up of occult GI bleeding, CT enterography (CTE) can be the first imaging modality. For CTE, an adequate bowel distention is critical for obtaining acceptable diagnostic performance as well as minimizing false positives and negatives. Meckel’s scintigraphy can be complementarily useful in cases where the diagnosis of CTE is suboptimal. For the evaluation of obscured GI bleeding, various imaging modalities can be used based on clinical status and providers’ preferences.https://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2022.0174gastrointestinal tractbleedingdiagnosistomographyspiral computedangiographyradionuclide imaging
spellingShingle Se Hyung Kim
Radiologic Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
gastrointestinal tract
bleeding
diagnosis
tomography
spiral computed
angiography
radionuclide imaging
title Radiologic Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_full Radiologic Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_fullStr Radiologic Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_full_unstemmed Radiologic Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_short Radiologic Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_sort radiologic diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding
topic gastrointestinal tract
bleeding
diagnosis
tomography
spiral computed
angiography
radionuclide imaging
url https://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2022.0174
work_keys_str_mv AT sehyungkim radiologicdiagnosisofgastrointestinalbleeding