Prediction of Thermal Distortion during Steel Solidification
Thermal distortion during the initial stages of solidification is an important cause of surface quality problems in cast products. In this work, a finite element model including non-linear temperature-, phase-, and carbon-content-dependent elastic–viscoplastic constitutive equations is applied to st...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Metals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/11/1807 |
| _version_ | 1797467216422109184 |
|---|---|
| author | Ghavam Azizi Brian. G. Thomas Mohsen Asle Zaeem |
| author_facet | Ghavam Azizi Brian. G. Thomas Mohsen Asle Zaeem |
| author_sort | Ghavam Azizi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thermal distortion during the initial stages of solidification is an important cause of surface quality problems in cast products. In this work, a finite element model including non-linear temperature-, phase-, and carbon-content-dependent elastic–viscoplastic constitutive equations is applied to study the effect of steel grade and interfacial heat flux on thermal distortion of a solidifying steel droplet. Due to thermal contraction, the bottom surface of the droplet bends away from the chill plate and a gap forms. It is shown that, regardless of the nature of the heat flux, the gap forms and grows the most very early during solidification (~0.1 s) and remains almost unchanged afterward. Increasing the heat flux decreases the time for evolution of the gap and increases its depth. When the carbon content is less than 0.10%C, the gap depth is very sensitive to the heat flux, but for higher carbon contents, this sensitivity is much weaker. The highest gap depths are predicted in ultra-low carbon (0.003%C) and peritectic steels (0.12%C), and agree both qualitatively and quantitatively with the experimental measurements. Thus, the current thermal-mechanical model, including its phase-dependent properties, captures the mechanism responsible for nonuniform solidification, depression sensitivity and surface defects affecting these steels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:50:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08c4cb3b9d1d4f3399437febfb494090 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:50:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-08c4cb3b9d1d4f3399437febfb4940902023-11-24T05:51:26ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-10-011211180710.3390/met12111807Prediction of Thermal Distortion during Steel SolidificationGhavam Azizi0Brian. G. Thomas1Mohsen Asle Zaeem2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1610 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1610 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1610 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401, USAThermal distortion during the initial stages of solidification is an important cause of surface quality problems in cast products. In this work, a finite element model including non-linear temperature-, phase-, and carbon-content-dependent elastic–viscoplastic constitutive equations is applied to study the effect of steel grade and interfacial heat flux on thermal distortion of a solidifying steel droplet. Due to thermal contraction, the bottom surface of the droplet bends away from the chill plate and a gap forms. It is shown that, regardless of the nature of the heat flux, the gap forms and grows the most very early during solidification (~0.1 s) and remains almost unchanged afterward. Increasing the heat flux decreases the time for evolution of the gap and increases its depth. When the carbon content is less than 0.10%C, the gap depth is very sensitive to the heat flux, but for higher carbon contents, this sensitivity is much weaker. The highest gap depths are predicted in ultra-low carbon (0.003%C) and peritectic steels (0.12%C), and agree both qualitatively and quantitatively with the experimental measurements. Thus, the current thermal-mechanical model, including its phase-dependent properties, captures the mechanism responsible for nonuniform solidification, depression sensitivity and surface defects affecting these steels.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/11/1807solidificationperitectic steelthermal distortionthermo-elasto-viscoplastic model |
| spellingShingle | Ghavam Azizi Brian. G. Thomas Mohsen Asle Zaeem Prediction of Thermal Distortion during Steel Solidification Metals solidification peritectic steel thermal distortion thermo-elasto-viscoplastic model |
| title | Prediction of Thermal Distortion during Steel Solidification |
| title_full | Prediction of Thermal Distortion during Steel Solidification |
| title_fullStr | Prediction of Thermal Distortion during Steel Solidification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prediction of Thermal Distortion during Steel Solidification |
| title_short | Prediction of Thermal Distortion during Steel Solidification |
| title_sort | prediction of thermal distortion during steel solidification |
| topic | solidification peritectic steel thermal distortion thermo-elasto-viscoplastic model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/11/1807 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ghavamazizi predictionofthermaldistortionduringsteelsolidification AT briangthomas predictionofthermaldistortionduringsteelsolidification AT mohsenaslezaeem predictionofthermaldistortionduringsteelsolidification |