STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral Infections
The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 protein plays a key role in the immune response against viruses and other pathogens by transducing, in the nucleus, the signal from type I, type II and type III IFNs. STAT1 activates the transcription of hundreds of genes, some of which h...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/8/4095 |
| _version_ | 1797445987489284096 |
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| author | Manlio Tolomeo Andrea Cavalli Antonio Cascio |
| author_facet | Manlio Tolomeo Andrea Cavalli Antonio Cascio |
| author_sort | Manlio Tolomeo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 protein plays a key role in the immune response against viruses and other pathogens by transducing, in the nucleus, the signal from type I, type II and type III IFNs. STAT1 activates the transcription of hundreds of genes, some of which have been well characterized for their antiviral properties. STAT1 gene deletion in mice and complete STAT1 deficiency in humans both cause rapid death from severe infections. STAT1 plays a key role in the immunoglobulin class-switch recombination through the upregulation of T-bet; it also plays a key role in the production of T-bet+ memory B cells that contribute to tissue-resident humoral memory by mounting an IgG response during re-infection. Considering the key role of STAT1 in the antiviral immune response, many viruses, including dangerous viruses such as Ebola and SARS-CoV-2, have developed different mechanisms to inhibit this transcription factor. The search for drugs capable of targeting the viral proteins implicated in both viral replication and IFN/STAT1 inhibition is important for the treatment of the most dangerous viral infections and for future viral pandemics, as shown by the clinical results obtained with Paxlovid in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:33:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08d1ceb421064cc8a92144834d8992c5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:33:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-08d1ceb421064cc8a92144834d8992c52023-11-30T21:14:02ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-04-01238409510.3390/ijms23084095STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral InfectionsManlio Tolomeo0Andrea Cavalli1Antonio Cascio2Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyComputational and Chemical Biology, Italian Institute of Technology, 16152 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyThe signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 protein plays a key role in the immune response against viruses and other pathogens by transducing, in the nucleus, the signal from type I, type II and type III IFNs. STAT1 activates the transcription of hundreds of genes, some of which have been well characterized for their antiviral properties. STAT1 gene deletion in mice and complete STAT1 deficiency in humans both cause rapid death from severe infections. STAT1 plays a key role in the immunoglobulin class-switch recombination through the upregulation of T-bet; it also plays a key role in the production of T-bet+ memory B cells that contribute to tissue-resident humoral memory by mounting an IgG response during re-infection. Considering the key role of STAT1 in the antiviral immune response, many viruses, including dangerous viruses such as Ebola and SARS-CoV-2, have developed different mechanisms to inhibit this transcription factor. The search for drugs capable of targeting the viral proteins implicated in both viral replication and IFN/STAT1 inhibition is important for the treatment of the most dangerous viral infections and for future viral pandemics, as shown by the clinical results obtained with Paxlovid in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/8/4095STAT1viral infectionimmune responseInterferon |
| spellingShingle | Manlio Tolomeo Andrea Cavalli Antonio Cascio STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral Infections International Journal of Molecular Sciences STAT1 viral infection immune response Interferon |
| title | STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral Infections |
| title_full | STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral Infections |
| title_fullStr | STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral Infections |
| title_short | STAT1 and Its Crucial Role in the Control of Viral Infections |
| title_sort | stat1 and its crucial role in the control of viral infections |
| topic | STAT1 viral infection immune response Interferon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/8/4095 |
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