Mining logical circuits in fungi
Abstract Living substrates are capable for nontrivial mappings of electrical signals due to the substrate nonlinear electrical characteristics. This property can be used to realise Boolean functions. Input logical values are represented by amplitude or frequency of electrical stimuli. Output logical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20080-3 |
| _version_ | 1798001448264400896 |
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| author | Nic Roberts Andrew Adamatzky |
| author_facet | Nic Roberts Andrew Adamatzky |
| author_sort | Nic Roberts |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Living substrates are capable for nontrivial mappings of electrical signals due to the substrate nonlinear electrical characteristics. This property can be used to realise Boolean functions. Input logical values are represented by amplitude or frequency of electrical stimuli. Output logical values are decoded from electrical responses of living substrates. We demonstrate how logical circuits can be implemented in mycelium bound composites. The mycelium bound composites (fungal materials) are getting growing recognition as building, packaging, decoration and clothing materials. Presently the fungal materials are passive. To make the fungal materials adaptive, i.e. sensing and computing, we should embed logical circuits into them. We demonstrate experimental laboratory prototypes of many-input Boolean functions implemented in fungal materials from oyster fungi P. ostreatus. We characterise complexity of the functions discovered via complexity of the space-time configurations of one-dimensional cellular automata governed by the functions. We show that the mycelium bound composites can implement representative functions from all classes of cellular automata complexity including the computationally universal. The results presented will make an impact in the field of unconventional computing, experimental demonstration of purposeful computing with fungi, and in the field of intelligent materials, as the prototypes of computing mycelium bound composites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:36:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08d74d4be0744d8eb9f0b2f3e04e85bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:36:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-08d74d4be0744d8eb9f0b2f3e04e85bb2022-12-22T04:25:57ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-09-011211810.1038/s41598-022-20080-3Mining logical circuits in fungiNic Roberts0Andrew Adamatzky1Unconventional Computing Laboratory, UWEUnconventional Computing Laboratory, UWEAbstract Living substrates are capable for nontrivial mappings of electrical signals due to the substrate nonlinear electrical characteristics. This property can be used to realise Boolean functions. Input logical values are represented by amplitude or frequency of electrical stimuli. Output logical values are decoded from electrical responses of living substrates. We demonstrate how logical circuits can be implemented in mycelium bound composites. The mycelium bound composites (fungal materials) are getting growing recognition as building, packaging, decoration and clothing materials. Presently the fungal materials are passive. To make the fungal materials adaptive, i.e. sensing and computing, we should embed logical circuits into them. We demonstrate experimental laboratory prototypes of many-input Boolean functions implemented in fungal materials from oyster fungi P. ostreatus. We characterise complexity of the functions discovered via complexity of the space-time configurations of one-dimensional cellular automata governed by the functions. We show that the mycelium bound composites can implement representative functions from all classes of cellular automata complexity including the computationally universal. The results presented will make an impact in the field of unconventional computing, experimental demonstration of purposeful computing with fungi, and in the field of intelligent materials, as the prototypes of computing mycelium bound composites.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20080-3 |
| spellingShingle | Nic Roberts Andrew Adamatzky Mining logical circuits in fungi Scientific Reports |
| title | Mining logical circuits in fungi |
| title_full | Mining logical circuits in fungi |
| title_fullStr | Mining logical circuits in fungi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mining logical circuits in fungi |
| title_short | Mining logical circuits in fungi |
| title_sort | mining logical circuits in fungi |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20080-3 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nicroberts mininglogicalcircuitsinfungi AT andrewadamatzky mininglogicalcircuitsinfungi |