Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio
Cassava pulp (CS) is high in fiber and low in protein; hence, improving the nutritive value of CS is required to increase its contribution to enhancing ruminant production. The present work hypothesized that CS quality could be enhanced by fermentation with yeast waste (YW), which can be used to rep...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Fermentation |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/7/3/196 |
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| author | Gamonmas Dagaew Anusorn Cherdthong Sawitree Wongtangtintharn Metha Wanapat Chanon Suntara |
| author_facet | Gamonmas Dagaew Anusorn Cherdthong Sawitree Wongtangtintharn Metha Wanapat Chanon Suntara |
| author_sort | Gamonmas Dagaew |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cassava pulp (CS) is high in fiber and low in protein; hence, improving the nutritive value of CS is required to increase its contribution to enhancing ruminant production. The present work hypothesized that CS quality could be enhanced by fermentation with yeast waste (YW), which can be used to replace soybean meal (SBM), as well as lead to improved feed utilization in ruminants. Thus, evaluation of in vitro ruminal fermentation and feed digestibility, as influenced by YW-treated CS and different roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratios, was elucidated. The design of the experiment was a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Each treatment contained three replications and three runs. The first factor was replacing SBM with CS fermented with YW (CSYW) in a concentrate ratio at 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively. The second factor was R:C ratios at 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70. The level of CSYW showed significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.01) gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a + b), and cumulative gas production at 96 h than the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There were no interactions among the CSYW and R:C ratio on the in vitro digestibility (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Furthermore, increasing the amount of CSYW to replace SBM up to 75% had no negative effect on in vitro neutral detergent fiber degradability (IVNDFD) (<i>p</i> > 0.05) while replacing CSWY at 100% could reduce IVNDFD (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The bacterial population in the rumen was reduced by 25.05% when CSYW completely replaced SBM (<i>p</i> < 0.05); however, 75% of CSWY in the diet did not change the bacterial population (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The concentration of propionate (C3) decreased upon an increase in the CSYW level, which was lowest with the replacement of SBM by CSYW up to 75%. However, various R:C ratios did not influence total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and the proportion of VFAs (<i>p</i> > 0.05), except the concentration of C3, increased when the proportion of a concentrate diet increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, CSYW could be utilized as a partial replacement for SBM in concentrate diets up to 75% without affecting gas kinetics, ruminal parameters, or in vitro digestibility. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:41:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08de3075337f4d8284930cf7fd0ba6c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:41:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-08de3075337f4d8284930cf7fd0ba6c12023-11-22T13:00:36ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372021-09-017319610.3390/fermentation7030196Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate RatioGamonmas Dagaew0Anusorn Cherdthong1Sawitree Wongtangtintharn2Metha Wanapat3Chanon Suntara4Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandCassava pulp (CS) is high in fiber and low in protein; hence, improving the nutritive value of CS is required to increase its contribution to enhancing ruminant production. The present work hypothesized that CS quality could be enhanced by fermentation with yeast waste (YW), which can be used to replace soybean meal (SBM), as well as lead to improved feed utilization in ruminants. Thus, evaluation of in vitro ruminal fermentation and feed digestibility, as influenced by YW-treated CS and different roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratios, was elucidated. The design of the experiment was a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Each treatment contained three replications and three runs. The first factor was replacing SBM with CS fermented with YW (CSYW) in a concentrate ratio at 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively. The second factor was R:C ratios at 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70. The level of CSYW showed significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.01) gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a + b), and cumulative gas production at 96 h than the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There were no interactions among the CSYW and R:C ratio on the in vitro digestibility (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Furthermore, increasing the amount of CSYW to replace SBM up to 75% had no negative effect on in vitro neutral detergent fiber degradability (IVNDFD) (<i>p</i> > 0.05) while replacing CSWY at 100% could reduce IVNDFD (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The bacterial population in the rumen was reduced by 25.05% when CSYW completely replaced SBM (<i>p</i> < 0.05); however, 75% of CSWY in the diet did not change the bacterial population (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The concentration of propionate (C3) decreased upon an increase in the CSYW level, which was lowest with the replacement of SBM by CSYW up to 75%. However, various R:C ratios did not influence total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and the proportion of VFAs (<i>p</i> > 0.05), except the concentration of C3, increased when the proportion of a concentrate diet increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, CSYW could be utilized as a partial replacement for SBM in concentrate diets up to 75% without affecting gas kinetics, ruminal parameters, or in vitro digestibility.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/7/3/196yeast wastecassava pulprumen fermentationin vitro gas production technique |
| spellingShingle | Gamonmas Dagaew Anusorn Cherdthong Sawitree Wongtangtintharn Metha Wanapat Chanon Suntara Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio Fermentation yeast waste cassava pulp rumen fermentation in vitro gas production technique |
| title | Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio |
| title_full | Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio |
| title_fullStr | Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio |
| title_full_unstemmed | Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio |
| title_short | Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio |
| title_sort | manipulation of in vitro ruminal fermentation and feed digestibility as influenced by yeast waste treated cassava pulp substitute soybean meal and different roughage to concentrate ratio |
| topic | yeast waste cassava pulp rumen fermentation in vitro gas production technique |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/7/3/196 |
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