The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel Taxa
Ostropales <i>sensu lato</i> is a large group comprising both lichenized and non-lichenized fungi, with several lineages expressing optional lichenization where individuals of the same fungal species exhibit either saprotrophic or lichenized lifestyles depending on the substrate (bark or...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/2/105 |
| _version_ | 1797416557811335168 |
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| author | Vinodhini Thiyagaraja Robert Lücking Damien Ertz Samantha C. Karunarathna Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe Saisamorn Lumyong Kevin D. Hyde |
| author_facet | Vinodhini Thiyagaraja Robert Lücking Damien Ertz Samantha C. Karunarathna Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe Saisamorn Lumyong Kevin D. Hyde |
| author_sort | Vinodhini Thiyagaraja |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ostropales <i>sensu lato</i> is a large group comprising both lichenized and non-lichenized fungi, with several lineages expressing optional lichenization where individuals of the same fungal species exhibit either saprotrophic or lichenized lifestyles depending on the substrate (bark or wood). Greatly variable phenotypic characteristics and large-scale phylogenies have led to frequent changes in the taxonomic circumscription of this order. Ostropales <i>sensu lato</i> is currently split into Graphidales, Gyalectales, Odontotrematales, Ostropales <i>sensu stricto</i>, and Thelenellales. Ostropales <i>sensu stricto</i> is now confined to the family Stictidaceae, which includes a large number of species that are poorly known, since they usually have small fruiting bodies that are rarely collected, and thus, their taxonomy remains partly unresolved. Here, we introduce a new genus <i>Ostropomyces</i> to accommodate a novel lineage related to <i>Ostropa</i>, which is composed of two new species, as well as a new species of <i>Sphaeropezia</i>, <i>S. shangrilaensis</i>. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of mitochondrial small subunit spacers (mtSSU), large subunit nuclear rDNA (LSU), and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequence data, together with phenotypic data documented by detailed morphological and anatomical analyses, support the taxonomic affinity of the new taxa in Stictidaceae. Ancestral character state analysis did not resolve the ancestral nutritional status of Stictidaceae with confidence using Bayes traits, but a saprotrophic ancestor was indicated as most likely in a Bayesian binary Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling (MCMC) approach. Frequent switching in nutritional modes between lineages suggests that lifestyle transition played an important role in the evolution of this family. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:05:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08e2e7a114484fc897b601d7633985b3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:05:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-08e2e7a114484fc897b601d7633985b32023-12-03T12:03:47ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2021-02-017210510.3390/jof7020105The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel TaxaVinodhini Thiyagaraja0Robert Lücking1Damien Ertz2Samantha C. Karunarathna3Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe4Saisamorn Lumyong5Kevin D. Hyde6Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandBotanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 6-8, 14195 Berlin, GermanyResearch Department, Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, BE-1860 Meise, BelgiumCAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, ChinaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandCentre of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, ThailandOstropales <i>sensu lato</i> is a large group comprising both lichenized and non-lichenized fungi, with several lineages expressing optional lichenization where individuals of the same fungal species exhibit either saprotrophic or lichenized lifestyles depending on the substrate (bark or wood). Greatly variable phenotypic characteristics and large-scale phylogenies have led to frequent changes in the taxonomic circumscription of this order. Ostropales <i>sensu lato</i> is currently split into Graphidales, Gyalectales, Odontotrematales, Ostropales <i>sensu stricto</i>, and Thelenellales. Ostropales <i>sensu stricto</i> is now confined to the family Stictidaceae, which includes a large number of species that are poorly known, since they usually have small fruiting bodies that are rarely collected, and thus, their taxonomy remains partly unresolved. Here, we introduce a new genus <i>Ostropomyces</i> to accommodate a novel lineage related to <i>Ostropa</i>, which is composed of two new species, as well as a new species of <i>Sphaeropezia</i>, <i>S. shangrilaensis</i>. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of mitochondrial small subunit spacers (mtSSU), large subunit nuclear rDNA (LSU), and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequence data, together with phenotypic data documented by detailed morphological and anatomical analyses, support the taxonomic affinity of the new taxa in Stictidaceae. Ancestral character state analysis did not resolve the ancestral nutritional status of Stictidaceae with confidence using Bayes traits, but a saprotrophic ancestor was indicated as most likely in a Bayesian binary Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling (MCMC) approach. Frequent switching in nutritional modes between lineages suggests that lifestyle transition played an important role in the evolution of this family.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/2/1053 new taxaancestral character state analysisasexual morphLecanoromycetes<i>Ostropomyces</i>sexual morph |
| spellingShingle | Vinodhini Thiyagaraja Robert Lücking Damien Ertz Samantha C. Karunarathna Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe Saisamorn Lumyong Kevin D. Hyde The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel Taxa Journal of Fungi 3 new taxa ancestral character state analysis asexual morph Lecanoromycetes <i>Ostropomyces</i> sexual morph |
| title | The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel Taxa |
| title_full | The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel Taxa |
| title_fullStr | The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel Taxa |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel Taxa |
| title_short | The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel Taxa |
| title_sort | evolution of life modes in stictidaceae with three novel taxa |
| topic | 3 new taxa ancestral character state analysis asexual morph Lecanoromycetes <i>Ostropomyces</i> sexual morph |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/2/105 |
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