Relationships among COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in women living with HIV in Iran: A path analysis.
<h4>Introduction</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences have caused fear and anxiety worldwide and imposed a significant physical and psychological burden on people, especially women living with HIV (WLHIV). However, WLHIV were not studied as well as others during the pandemic. H...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275455 |
| _version_ | 1811251577906790400 |
|---|---|
| author | Fatemeh Aliverdi Zahra Bayat Jozani Nooshin Ghavidel Mostafa Qorbani Nami Mohammadian Khonsari Farima Mohamadi Minoo Mohraz Zohreh Mahmoodi |
| author_facet | Fatemeh Aliverdi Zahra Bayat Jozani Nooshin Ghavidel Mostafa Qorbani Nami Mohammadian Khonsari Farima Mohamadi Minoo Mohraz Zohreh Mahmoodi |
| author_sort | Fatemeh Aliverdi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Introduction</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences have caused fear and anxiety worldwide and imposed a significant physical and psychological burden on people, especially women living with HIV (WLHIV). However, WLHIV were not studied as well as others during the pandemic. Hence, this study aimed to determine the relationships between COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in WLHIV.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>This cross-sectional study enrolled 300 WLHIV who had records at the Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using sociodemographic questionnaire, the fear of COVID-19 scale, the social relations questionnaire, the socioeconomic status scale and the health anxiety inventory. Path-analysis was used to assess the direct and indirct associations between variables.<h4>Results</h4>Based on the path analysis, among variables that had significant causal relationships with social relations, socioeconomic status (β = -0.14) showed the greatest negative relationship, and health anxiety (β = 0.11) had the strongest positive relationship on the direct path. On the indirect path, fear of COVID-19 (β = 0.049) displayed the greatest positive relationship. The level of education (β = 0.29) was the only variable showing a significant positive relationship with social relations on both direct and indirect paths.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our result showed that increased fear and health anxiety related to a higher social relations score in WLHIV. Hence, due to their vulnerability, these people require more support and education to adhere to health protocols in future pandemics and similar situations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:22:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08ea042feb9c4c38b59bc8be54222355 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:22:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-08ea042feb9c4c38b59bc8be542223552022-12-22T03:25:31ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-011710e027545510.1371/journal.pone.0275455Relationships among COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in women living with HIV in Iran: A path analysis.Fatemeh AliverdiZahra Bayat JozaniNooshin GhavidelMostafa QorbaniNami Mohammadian KhonsariFarima MohamadiMinoo MohrazZohreh Mahmoodi<h4>Introduction</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences have caused fear and anxiety worldwide and imposed a significant physical and psychological burden on people, especially women living with HIV (WLHIV). However, WLHIV were not studied as well as others during the pandemic. Hence, this study aimed to determine the relationships between COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in WLHIV.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>This cross-sectional study enrolled 300 WLHIV who had records at the Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using sociodemographic questionnaire, the fear of COVID-19 scale, the social relations questionnaire, the socioeconomic status scale and the health anxiety inventory. Path-analysis was used to assess the direct and indirct associations between variables.<h4>Results</h4>Based on the path analysis, among variables that had significant causal relationships with social relations, socioeconomic status (β = -0.14) showed the greatest negative relationship, and health anxiety (β = 0.11) had the strongest positive relationship on the direct path. On the indirect path, fear of COVID-19 (β = 0.049) displayed the greatest positive relationship. The level of education (β = 0.29) was the only variable showing a significant positive relationship with social relations on both direct and indirect paths.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our result showed that increased fear and health anxiety related to a higher social relations score in WLHIV. Hence, due to their vulnerability, these people require more support and education to adhere to health protocols in future pandemics and similar situations.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275455 |
| spellingShingle | Fatemeh Aliverdi Zahra Bayat Jozani Nooshin Ghavidel Mostafa Qorbani Nami Mohammadian Khonsari Farima Mohamadi Minoo Mohraz Zohreh Mahmoodi Relationships among COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in women living with HIV in Iran: A path analysis. PLoS ONE |
| title | Relationships among COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in women living with HIV in Iran: A path analysis. |
| title_full | Relationships among COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in women living with HIV in Iran: A path analysis. |
| title_fullStr | Relationships among COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in women living with HIV in Iran: A path analysis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationships among COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in women living with HIV in Iran: A path analysis. |
| title_short | Relationships among COVID-19 phobia, health anxiety, and social relations in women living with HIV in Iran: A path analysis. |
| title_sort | relationships among covid 19 phobia health anxiety and social relations in women living with hiv in iran a path analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275455 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fatemehaliverdi relationshipsamongcovid19phobiahealthanxietyandsocialrelationsinwomenlivingwithhiviniranapathanalysis AT zahrabayatjozani relationshipsamongcovid19phobiahealthanxietyandsocialrelationsinwomenlivingwithhiviniranapathanalysis AT nooshinghavidel relationshipsamongcovid19phobiahealthanxietyandsocialrelationsinwomenlivingwithhiviniranapathanalysis AT mostafaqorbani relationshipsamongcovid19phobiahealthanxietyandsocialrelationsinwomenlivingwithhiviniranapathanalysis AT namimohammadiankhonsari relationshipsamongcovid19phobiahealthanxietyandsocialrelationsinwomenlivingwithhiviniranapathanalysis AT farimamohamadi relationshipsamongcovid19phobiahealthanxietyandsocialrelationsinwomenlivingwithhiviniranapathanalysis AT minoomohraz relationshipsamongcovid19phobiahealthanxietyandsocialrelationsinwomenlivingwithhiviniranapathanalysis AT zohrehmahmoodi relationshipsamongcovid19phobiahealthanxietyandsocialrelationsinwomenlivingwithhiviniranapathanalysis |