Masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression.
PURPOSE:A traditional male role orientation is considered to increase the risk of depression and preventing men from disclosing symptoms of mental illness and seeking professional help. Less is known about the variance of masculinity orientations in men already treated for depression and their role...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233764 |
| _version_ | 1818586437981831168 |
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| author | Reinhold Kilian Annabel Müller-Stierlin Felicitas Söhner Petra Beschoner Harald Gündel Tobias Staiger Maja Stiawa Thomas Becker Karel Frasch Maria Panzirsch Max Schmauß Silvia Krumm |
| author_facet | Reinhold Kilian Annabel Müller-Stierlin Felicitas Söhner Petra Beschoner Harald Gündel Tobias Staiger Maja Stiawa Thomas Becker Karel Frasch Maria Panzirsch Max Schmauß Silvia Krumm |
| author_sort | Reinhold Kilian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PURPOSE:A traditional male role orientation is considered to increase the risk of depression and preventing men from disclosing symptoms of mental illness and seeking professional help. Less is known about the variance of masculinity orientations in men already treated for depression and their role in the treatment process. In this study, patterns of masculinity norms and work role orientations will be identified among men treated for depression. Associations of these patterns with depressive symptoms, stigma and delay in professional help-seeking will be investigated. METHODS:In a cross-sectional study, male role orientations (MRNS), work-related attitudes (AVEM), symptoms of mental disorders (PHQ), and attitudes related to stigma of mental illness (DSS) were assessed by standardized methods in a sample of 250 men treated for depression in general medical, psychiatric and psychotherapeutic services. Data were analyzed by means of latent profile analysis (LPA), by multinomial and linear regression models, and by path analysis. RESULTS:The results of LPA revealed three latent classes of men treated for depression. Men assigned to class one reported a less traditional male role orientation, low professional ambitions and low coping capacities; men assigned to class two reported a traditional masculinity orientation, high professional ambitions but low coping capacities; men assigned to class three reported less traditional masculinity tended orientations, medium professional ambitions and high coping capacities. Men assigned to classes one and two to have more stigmatizing attitudes, longer periods of untreated illness and more severe symptoms of mental disorders, in comparison to men assigned to class three. CONCLUSIONS:Overall, this study reveals that traditional masculinity norms and work-role orientations in men treated for depression are associated with a worse mental health status. Our study results also suggest that a slackening of traditional masculinity norms is associated with improved psychological well-being if it does not coincide with a complete distancing from professional ambitions and a lack of ability to cope with professional stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:52:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08ed419a02784af794734dfc3fb2e993 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:52:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-08ed419a02784af794734dfc3fb2e9932022-12-21T22:37:22ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032020-01-01155e023376410.1371/journal.pone.0233764Masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression.Reinhold KilianAnnabel Müller-StierlinFelicitas SöhnerPetra BeschonerHarald GündelTobias StaigerMaja StiawaThomas BeckerKarel FraschMaria PanzirschMax SchmaußSilvia KrummPURPOSE:A traditional male role orientation is considered to increase the risk of depression and preventing men from disclosing symptoms of mental illness and seeking professional help. Less is known about the variance of masculinity orientations in men already treated for depression and their role in the treatment process. In this study, patterns of masculinity norms and work role orientations will be identified among men treated for depression. Associations of these patterns with depressive symptoms, stigma and delay in professional help-seeking will be investigated. METHODS:In a cross-sectional study, male role orientations (MRNS), work-related attitudes (AVEM), symptoms of mental disorders (PHQ), and attitudes related to stigma of mental illness (DSS) were assessed by standardized methods in a sample of 250 men treated for depression in general medical, psychiatric and psychotherapeutic services. Data were analyzed by means of latent profile analysis (LPA), by multinomial and linear regression models, and by path analysis. RESULTS:The results of LPA revealed three latent classes of men treated for depression. Men assigned to class one reported a less traditional male role orientation, low professional ambitions and low coping capacities; men assigned to class two reported a traditional masculinity orientation, high professional ambitions but low coping capacities; men assigned to class three reported less traditional masculinity tended orientations, medium professional ambitions and high coping capacities. Men assigned to classes one and two to have more stigmatizing attitudes, longer periods of untreated illness and more severe symptoms of mental disorders, in comparison to men assigned to class three. CONCLUSIONS:Overall, this study reveals that traditional masculinity norms and work-role orientations in men treated for depression are associated with a worse mental health status. Our study results also suggest that a slackening of traditional masculinity norms is associated with improved psychological well-being if it does not coincide with a complete distancing from professional ambitions and a lack of ability to cope with professional stress.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233764 |
| spellingShingle | Reinhold Kilian Annabel Müller-Stierlin Felicitas Söhner Petra Beschoner Harald Gündel Tobias Staiger Maja Stiawa Thomas Becker Karel Frasch Maria Panzirsch Max Schmauß Silvia Krumm Masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression. PLoS ONE |
| title | Masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression. |
| title_full | Masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression. |
| title_fullStr | Masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression. |
| title_short | Masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression. |
| title_sort | masculinity norms and occupational role orientations in men treated for depression |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233764 |
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