A nod to the bond between NOD2 and mycobacteria.
Mycobacteria are responsible for several human and animal diseases. NOD2 is a pattern recognition receptor that has an important role in mycobacterial recognition. However, the mechanisms by which mutations in NOD2 alter the course of mycobacterial infection remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to revie...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011389 |
| _version_ | 1797796232105558016 |
|---|---|
| author | Jean-Yves Dubé Marcel A Behr |
| author_facet | Jean-Yves Dubé Marcel A Behr |
| author_sort | Jean-Yves Dubé |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycobacteria are responsible for several human and animal diseases. NOD2 is a pattern recognition receptor that has an important role in mycobacterial recognition. However, the mechanisms by which mutations in NOD2 alter the course of mycobacterial infection remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to review the totality of studies directly addressing the relationship between NOD2 and mycobacteria as a foundation for moving the field forward. NOD2 was linked to mycobacterial infection at 3 levels: (1) genetic, through association with mycobacterial diseases of humans; (2) chemical, through the distinct NOD2 ligand in the mycobacterial cell wall; and (3) immunologic, through heightened NOD2 signaling caused by the unique modification of the NOD2 ligand. The immune response to mycobacteria is shaped by NOD2 signaling, responsible for NF-κB and MAPK activation, and the production of various immune effectors like cytokines and nitric oxide, with some evidence linking this to bacteriologic control. Absence of NOD2 during mycobacterial infection of mice can be detrimental, but the mechanism remains unknown. Conversely, the success of immunization with mycobacteria has been linked to NOD2 signaling and NOD2 has been targeted as an avenue of immunotherapy for diseases even beyond mycobacteria. The mycobacteria-NOD2 interaction remains an important area of study, which may shed light on immune mechanisms in disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:29:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08f936f10a2e43d1b42a861fe57da4be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:29:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-08f936f10a2e43d1b42a861fe57da4be2023-06-24T05:31:19ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742023-06-01196e101138910.1371/journal.ppat.1011389A nod to the bond between NOD2 and mycobacteria.Jean-Yves DubéMarcel A BehrMycobacteria are responsible for several human and animal diseases. NOD2 is a pattern recognition receptor that has an important role in mycobacterial recognition. However, the mechanisms by which mutations in NOD2 alter the course of mycobacterial infection remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to review the totality of studies directly addressing the relationship between NOD2 and mycobacteria as a foundation for moving the field forward. NOD2 was linked to mycobacterial infection at 3 levels: (1) genetic, through association with mycobacterial diseases of humans; (2) chemical, through the distinct NOD2 ligand in the mycobacterial cell wall; and (3) immunologic, through heightened NOD2 signaling caused by the unique modification of the NOD2 ligand. The immune response to mycobacteria is shaped by NOD2 signaling, responsible for NF-κB and MAPK activation, and the production of various immune effectors like cytokines and nitric oxide, with some evidence linking this to bacteriologic control. Absence of NOD2 during mycobacterial infection of mice can be detrimental, but the mechanism remains unknown. Conversely, the success of immunization with mycobacteria has been linked to NOD2 signaling and NOD2 has been targeted as an avenue of immunotherapy for diseases even beyond mycobacteria. The mycobacteria-NOD2 interaction remains an important area of study, which may shed light on immune mechanisms in disease.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011389 |
| spellingShingle | Jean-Yves Dubé Marcel A Behr A nod to the bond between NOD2 and mycobacteria. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | A nod to the bond between NOD2 and mycobacteria. |
| title_full | A nod to the bond between NOD2 and mycobacteria. |
| title_fullStr | A nod to the bond between NOD2 and mycobacteria. |
| title_full_unstemmed | A nod to the bond between NOD2 and mycobacteria. |
| title_short | A nod to the bond between NOD2 and mycobacteria. |
| title_sort | nod to the bond between nod2 and mycobacteria |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011389 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jeanyvesdube anodtothebondbetweennod2andmycobacteria AT marcelabehr anodtothebondbetweennod2andmycobacteria AT jeanyvesdube nodtothebondbetweennod2andmycobacteria AT marcelabehr nodtothebondbetweennod2andmycobacteria |