Development of an Efficient Thermal Electric Skipping Strategy for the Management of a Series/Parallel Hybrid Powertrain
In recent years, the development of hybrid powertrain allowed to substantially reduce the CO<sub>2</sub> and pollutant emissions of vehicles. The optimal management of such power units represents a challenging task since more degrees of freedom are available compared to a conventional pu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/889 |
| _version_ | 1797412611076128768 |
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| author | Vincenzo De Bellis Enrica Malfi Jean-Marc Zaccardi |
| author_facet | Vincenzo De Bellis Enrica Malfi Jean-Marc Zaccardi |
| author_sort | Vincenzo De Bellis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, the development of hybrid powertrain allowed to substantially reduce the CO<sub>2</sub> and pollutant emissions of vehicles. The optimal management of such power units represents a challenging task since more degrees of freedom are available compared to a conventional pure-thermal engine powertrain. The a priori knowledge of the driving mission allows identifying the actual optimal control strategy at the expense of a quite relevant computational effort. This is realized by the off-line optimization strategies, such as Pontryagin minimum principle—PMP—or dynamic programming. On the other hand, for an on-vehicle application, the driving mission is unknown, and a certain performance degradation must be expected, depending on the degree of simplification and the computational burden of the adopted control strategy. This work is focused on the development of a simplified control strategy, labeled as efficient thermal electric skipping strategy—ETESS, which presents performance similar to off-line strategies, but with a much-reduced computational effort. This is based on the alternative vehicle driving by either thermal engine or electric unit (no power-split between the power units). The ETESS is tested in a “backward-facing” vehicle simulator referring to a segment C car, fitted with a hybrid series-parallel powertrain. The reliability of the method is verified along different driving cycles, sizing, and efficiency of the power unit components and assessed with conventional control strategies. The outcomes put into evidence that ETESS gives fuel consumption close to PMP strategy, with the advantage of a drastically reduced computational time. The ETESS is extended to an online implementation by introducing an adaptative factor, resulting in performance similar to the well-assessed equivalent consumption minimization strategy, preserving the computational effort. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:04:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08fd985c0ff74e869a5543dadeefbf22 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:04:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-08fd985c0ff74e869a5543dadeefbf222023-12-03T12:55:35ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-02-0114488910.3390/en14040889Development of an Efficient Thermal Electric Skipping Strategy for the Management of a Series/Parallel Hybrid PowertrainVincenzo De Bellis0Enrica Malfi1Jean-Marc Zaccardi2Dipartimento Di Ingegneria Industriale, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, 80125 Napoli, ItalyDipartimento Di Ingegneria Industriale, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, 80125 Napoli, ItalyIFP Energies Nouvelles, Institut Carnot IFPEN Transports Energie, Rond-Point De L’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, FranceIn recent years, the development of hybrid powertrain allowed to substantially reduce the CO<sub>2</sub> and pollutant emissions of vehicles. The optimal management of such power units represents a challenging task since more degrees of freedom are available compared to a conventional pure-thermal engine powertrain. The a priori knowledge of the driving mission allows identifying the actual optimal control strategy at the expense of a quite relevant computational effort. This is realized by the off-line optimization strategies, such as Pontryagin minimum principle—PMP—or dynamic programming. On the other hand, for an on-vehicle application, the driving mission is unknown, and a certain performance degradation must be expected, depending on the degree of simplification and the computational burden of the adopted control strategy. This work is focused on the development of a simplified control strategy, labeled as efficient thermal electric skipping strategy—ETESS, which presents performance similar to off-line strategies, but with a much-reduced computational effort. This is based on the alternative vehicle driving by either thermal engine or electric unit (no power-split between the power units). The ETESS is tested in a “backward-facing” vehicle simulator referring to a segment C car, fitted with a hybrid series-parallel powertrain. The reliability of the method is verified along different driving cycles, sizing, and efficiency of the power unit components and assessed with conventional control strategies. The outcomes put into evidence that ETESS gives fuel consumption close to PMP strategy, with the advantage of a drastically reduced computational time. The ETESS is extended to an online implementation by introducing an adaptative factor, resulting in performance similar to the well-assessed equivalent consumption minimization strategy, preserving the computational effort.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/889hybrid powertrainoptimization strategycomputational efficiencyenergy managementfuel economy |
| spellingShingle | Vincenzo De Bellis Enrica Malfi Jean-Marc Zaccardi Development of an Efficient Thermal Electric Skipping Strategy for the Management of a Series/Parallel Hybrid Powertrain Energies hybrid powertrain optimization strategy computational efficiency energy management fuel economy |
| title | Development of an Efficient Thermal Electric Skipping Strategy for the Management of a Series/Parallel Hybrid Powertrain |
| title_full | Development of an Efficient Thermal Electric Skipping Strategy for the Management of a Series/Parallel Hybrid Powertrain |
| title_fullStr | Development of an Efficient Thermal Electric Skipping Strategy for the Management of a Series/Parallel Hybrid Powertrain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of an Efficient Thermal Electric Skipping Strategy for the Management of a Series/Parallel Hybrid Powertrain |
| title_short | Development of an Efficient Thermal Electric Skipping Strategy for the Management of a Series/Parallel Hybrid Powertrain |
| title_sort | development of an efficient thermal electric skipping strategy for the management of a series parallel hybrid powertrain |
| topic | hybrid powertrain optimization strategy computational efficiency energy management fuel economy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/889 |
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