Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan Combined with a Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Smartphone Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers
The separation of enantiomers plays a critical role in pharmaceutical development, ensuring therapeutic efficacy, safety, and patent protection. It enables the production of enantiopure drugs and enhances our understanding of the properties of chiral compounds. In this study, a straightforward and e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/8/830 |
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| author | Abdelhafid Karrat Juan José García-Guzmán José María Palacios-Santander Aziz Amine Laura Cubillana-Aguilera |
| author_facet | Abdelhafid Karrat Juan José García-Guzmán José María Palacios-Santander Aziz Amine Laura Cubillana-Aguilera |
| author_sort | Abdelhafid Karrat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The separation of enantiomers plays a critical role in pharmaceutical development, ensuring therapeutic efficacy, safety, and patent protection. It enables the production of enantiopure drugs and enhances our understanding of the properties of chiral compounds. In this study, a straightforward and effective chiral detection strategy was developed for distinguishing between tryptophan (TRP) enantiomers. The approach involved the preparation of a magnetic molecularly imprinted chitosan (MMIC) for preparation of the sample, which was combined with a nitrocellulose membrane (a paper-based analytical device, PAD) integrated with D-TRP covalently grafted with polymethacrylic acid (PAD-PMA_D-TRP). Discriminating between the TRP enantiomers was achieved using AuNPs as a colorimetric probe. Indeed, the presence of D-TRP rapidly induced the aggregation of AuNPs due to its strong affinity to PAD-PMA_D-TRP, resulting in a noticeable change in the color of the AuNPs from red to purple. On the other hand, L-TRP did not induce any color changes. The chiral analysis could be easily performed with the naked eye and/or a smartphone. The developed method exhibited a detection limit of 3.3 µM, and it was successfully applied to detect TRP in serum samples, demonstrating good recovery rates. The proposed procedure is characterized by its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, rapidity, and ease of operation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:05:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08fe9bb4d1574214a68f1066ee69b63c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:05:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-08fe9bb4d1574214a68f1066ee69b63c2023-11-19T00:25:54ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742023-08-0113883010.3390/bios13080830Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan Combined with a Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Smartphone Discrimination of Tryptophan EnantiomersAbdelhafid Karrat0Juan José García-Guzmán1José María Palacios-Santander2Aziz Amine3Laura Cubillana-Aguilera4Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainLaboratory of Process Engineering & Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P. 146, Mohammedia 28810, MoroccoDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainThe separation of enantiomers plays a critical role in pharmaceutical development, ensuring therapeutic efficacy, safety, and patent protection. It enables the production of enantiopure drugs and enhances our understanding of the properties of chiral compounds. In this study, a straightforward and effective chiral detection strategy was developed for distinguishing between tryptophan (TRP) enantiomers. The approach involved the preparation of a magnetic molecularly imprinted chitosan (MMIC) for preparation of the sample, which was combined with a nitrocellulose membrane (a paper-based analytical device, PAD) integrated with D-TRP covalently grafted with polymethacrylic acid (PAD-PMA_D-TRP). Discriminating between the TRP enantiomers was achieved using AuNPs as a colorimetric probe. Indeed, the presence of D-TRP rapidly induced the aggregation of AuNPs due to its strong affinity to PAD-PMA_D-TRP, resulting in a noticeable change in the color of the AuNPs from red to purple. On the other hand, L-TRP did not induce any color changes. The chiral analysis could be easily performed with the naked eye and/or a smartphone. The developed method exhibited a detection limit of 3.3 µM, and it was successfully applied to detect TRP in serum samples, demonstrating good recovery rates. The proposed procedure is characterized by its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, rapidity, and ease of operation.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/8/830chitosanmagnetic molecularly imprinted polymerdiscrimination of enantiomerstryptophansmartphonepaper-based analytical device |
| spellingShingle | Abdelhafid Karrat Juan José García-Guzmán José María Palacios-Santander Aziz Amine Laura Cubillana-Aguilera Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan Combined with a Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Smartphone Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers Biosensors chitosan magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer discrimination of enantiomers tryptophan smartphone paper-based analytical device |
| title | Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan Combined with a Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Smartphone Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers |
| title_full | Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan Combined with a Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Smartphone Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers |
| title_fullStr | Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan Combined with a Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Smartphone Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan Combined with a Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Smartphone Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers |
| title_short | Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan Combined with a Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Smartphone Discrimination of Tryptophan Enantiomers |
| title_sort | magnetic molecularly imprinted chitosan combined with a paper based analytical device for the smartphone discrimination of tryptophan enantiomers |
| topic | chitosan magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer discrimination of enantiomers tryptophan smartphone paper-based analytical device |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/8/830 |
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