Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles
Skiing can be identified as a branch with the most important representative power of winter sports. Further, it has been characterized by high popularity and population, branching off in itself. During the year, different physical performance and physiological indicators are sometimes encountered in...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Romanian Association of Balneology, Editura Balneara
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Balneo and PRM Research Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://bioclima.ro/Balneo522.pdf |
| _version_ | 1798005386570104832 |
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| author | Cemalettin Budak Sibel Tetik Dündar Cuma Mertoğlu |
| author_facet | Cemalettin Budak Sibel Tetik Dündar Cuma Mertoğlu |
| author_sort | Cemalettin Budak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Skiing can be identified as a branch with the most important representative power of winter sports. Further, it has been characterized by high popularity and population, branching off in itself. During the year, different physical performance and physiological indicators are sometimes encountered in athletes depending on seasonal cycles, training levels, and living conditions. The aim of this study is to examine some physical performance parameters and the determined hormone levels to seasonal cycles. Methods: 15 male skiers with a mean age of 14.53±2.61 (years), a mean height of 158.53±9.66 (cm), and a mean body mass of 54.20±10.85 (kg) participated in the study. The information about participants' age, height, and body mass was determined by standard methods. Various measurement tools were used including a digital hand dynamometer (TKK 5401) for hand grip strength, a digital dynamometer (TKK 5402) for back and leg strength, a jump meter (Takei TKK 5406) for vertical jump height, and an electronic hand spirometer (firstMED) for respiratory functions. The Wingate anaerobic power test (Monark 894 E bicycle ergometer) was performed to determine the anaerobic power level. Additionally, to determine somatotypes (ectomorph, mesomorph, endomorph) and body fat percentage; skinfold caliper (Holtain), tape measure, and digital caliper (Holtain) were respectively utilized for skinfold thickness measurement, circumference measurements, and diameter measurements. Blood samples (hemogram test, vitamin D, cortisol, and testosterone to be checked) were taken from the antecubital vein in the sitting position. From the blood samples, serum plasma was separated and preserved by centrifugation (+4o) and all samples were analyzed at once. All tests were performed once in September, December, March, and June at an altitude of 2,000 and in pre-season and mid-season. The data were analyzed through IBM SPSS 24.0 package program. Shapiro-Wilk was used to determine the distribution of the data, descriptive and frequency analysis was used to determine the mean of the variables, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences between measurements. The results were presented as arithmetic mean and standard deviation (𝑋̅±Ss). Results: In 10-18 years old male skiers, it was determined that vitamin D reached its highest level in autumn, testosterone in summer, and cortisol in winter. In the inter-test comparison results, significant differences were determined in the vertical jump, right and left-hand grip strength, leg strength, testosterone, vitamin D, HCT, FVC, FEV1, and anaerobic power parameters. Conclusions: The results of the study have mostly supported the literature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:38:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-09228163eea3459f97f7e059bfdaa238 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2734-8458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:38:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Romanian Association of Balneology, Editura Balneara |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Balneo and PRM Research Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-09228163eea3459f97f7e059bfdaa2382022-12-22T04:23:33ZengRomanian Association of Balneology, Editura BalnearaBalneo and PRM Research Journal2734-84582022-12-0113452210.12680/balneo.2022.522Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cyclesCemalettin Budak0Sibel Tetik Dündar 1Cuma Mertoğlu2Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Faculty of Sports Science, Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Erzincan, TurkeyErzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Faculty of Sports Science, Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Erzincan, Turkeyİnönü University, Faculty of Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Malatya, TurkeySkiing can be identified as a branch with the most important representative power of winter sports. Further, it has been characterized by high popularity and population, branching off in itself. During the year, different physical performance and physiological indicators are sometimes encountered in athletes depending on seasonal cycles, training levels, and living conditions. The aim of this study is to examine some physical performance parameters and the determined hormone levels to seasonal cycles. Methods: 15 male skiers with a mean age of 14.53±2.61 (years), a mean height of 158.53±9.66 (cm), and a mean body mass of 54.20±10.85 (kg) participated in the study. The information about participants' age, height, and body mass was determined by standard methods. Various measurement tools were used including a digital hand dynamometer (TKK 5401) for hand grip strength, a digital dynamometer (TKK 5402) for back and leg strength, a jump meter (Takei TKK 5406) for vertical jump height, and an electronic hand spirometer (firstMED) for respiratory functions. The Wingate anaerobic power test (Monark 894 E bicycle ergometer) was performed to determine the anaerobic power level. Additionally, to determine somatotypes (ectomorph, mesomorph, endomorph) and body fat percentage; skinfold caliper (Holtain), tape measure, and digital caliper (Holtain) were respectively utilized for skinfold thickness measurement, circumference measurements, and diameter measurements. Blood samples (hemogram test, vitamin D, cortisol, and testosterone to be checked) were taken from the antecubital vein in the sitting position. From the blood samples, serum plasma was separated and preserved by centrifugation (+4o) and all samples were analyzed at once. All tests were performed once in September, December, March, and June at an altitude of 2,000 and in pre-season and mid-season. The data were analyzed through IBM SPSS 24.0 package program. Shapiro-Wilk was used to determine the distribution of the data, descriptive and frequency analysis was used to determine the mean of the variables, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences between measurements. The results were presented as arithmetic mean and standard deviation (𝑋̅±Ss). Results: In 10-18 years old male skiers, it was determined that vitamin D reached its highest level in autumn, testosterone in summer, and cortisol in winter. In the inter-test comparison results, significant differences were determined in the vertical jump, right and left-hand grip strength, leg strength, testosterone, vitamin D, HCT, FVC, FEV1, and anaerobic power parameters. Conclusions: The results of the study have mostly supported the literature.http://bioclima.ro/Balneo522.pdfvitamin dtestosterone; cortisolanaerobic powerrespiratory functions |
| spellingShingle | Cemalettin Budak Sibel Tetik Dündar Cuma Mertoğlu Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles Balneo and PRM Research Journal vitamin d testosterone; cortisol anaerobic power respiratory functions |
| title | Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles |
| title_full | Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles |
| title_fullStr | Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles |
| title_short | Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles |
| title_sort | examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10 18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles |
| topic | vitamin d testosterone; cortisol anaerobic power respiratory functions |
| url | http://bioclima.ro/Balneo522.pdf |
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