BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model
<p>BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) Climate System Model (T266 in the atmosphere and <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow=&quo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Geoscientific Model Development |
| Online Access: | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/2977/2021/gmd-14-2977-2021.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818737071026601984 |
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| author | T. Wu R. Yu Y. Lu W. Jie Y. Fang J. Zhang L. Zhang X. Xin L. Li L. Li Z. Wang Y. Liu F. Zhang F. Wu M. Chu J. Li W. Li Y. Zhang X. Shi W. Zhou J. Yao X. Liu H. Zhao J. Yan M. Wei W. Xue A. Huang Y. Zhang Y. Zhang Q. Shu A. Hu |
| author_facet | T. Wu R. Yu Y. Lu W. Jie Y. Fang J. Zhang L. Zhang X. Xin L. Li L. Li Z. Wang Y. Liu F. Zhang F. Wu M. Chu J. Li W. Li Y. Zhang X. Shi W. Zhou J. Yao X. Liu H. Zhao J. Yan M. Wei W. Xue A. Huang Y. Zhang Y. Zhang Q. Shu A. Hu |
| author_sort | T. Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC)
Climate System Model (T266 in the atmosphere and <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="f7b7a5d5bfd5c45cef6c295312dc1896"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00001.svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" src="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>
latitude <span class="inline-formula">×</span> <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="730b8b169cb37255af42cf31763b7866"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00002.svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" src="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> longitude in the ocean). Its development is on the
basis of the medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR (T106 in the atmosphere
and 1<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> latitude <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 1<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> longitude in the ocean) which is the
baseline for BCC participation in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
Phase 6 (CMIP6). This study documents the high-resolution model, highlights
major improvements in the representation of atmospheric dynamical core and
physical processes. BCC-CSM2-HR is evaluated for historical climate
simulations from 1950 to 2014, performed under CMIP6-prescribed historical
forcing, in comparison with its previous medium-resolution version
BCC-CSM2-MR. Observed global warming trends of surface air temperature from
1950 to 2014 are well captured by both BCC-CSM2-MR and BCC-CSM2-HR.
Present-day basic atmospheric mean states during the period from 1995 to
2014 are then evaluated at global scale, followed by an assessment on
climate variabilities in the tropics including the tropical cyclones (TCs),
the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Madden–Julian
Oscillation (MJO), and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the
stratosphere. It is shown that BCC-CSM2-HR represents the global energy
balance well and can realistically reproduce the main patterns of atmospheric temperature and wind, precipitation, land surface air temperature, and sea
surface temperature (SST). It also improves the spatial patterns of sea ice
and associated seasonal variations in both hemispheres. The bias of the double
intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), obvious in BCC-CSM2-MR, almost
disappears in BCC-CSM2-HR. TC activity in the tropics is increased with
resolution enhanced. The cycle of ENSO, the eastward propagative feature and
convection intensity of MJO, and the downward propagation of QBO in BCC-CSM2-HR
are all in a better agreement with observations than their counterparts in
BCC-CSM2-MR. Some imperfections are, however, noted in BCC-CSM2-HR, such as
the excessive cloudiness in the eastern basin of the tropical Pacific with
cold SST biases and the insufficient number of tropical cyclones in the
North Atlantic.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:47:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0928ca0829fe4f9abe15d19c95925d9f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1991-959X 1991-9603 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:47:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geoscientific Model Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-0928ca0829fe4f9abe15d19c95925d9f2022-12-21T21:26:46ZengCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032021-05-01142977300610.5194/gmd-14-2977-2021BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System ModelT. Wu0R. Yu1Y. Lu2W. Jie3Y. Fang4J. Zhang5L. Zhang6X. Xin7L. Li8L. Li9Z. Wang10Y. Liu11F. Zhang12F. Wu13M. Chu14J. Li15W. Li16Y. Zhang17X. Shi18W. Zhou19J. Yao20X. Liu21H. Zhao22J. Yan23M. Wei24W. Xue25A. Huang26Y. Zhang27Y. Zhang28Q. Shu29A. Hu30Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaLaboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, IPSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Ecole Polytechnique, Paris 75005, FranceBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Meteorological Information Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, ChinaTsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaNanjing University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaNanjing University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaChengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, ChinaThe First Institute of Oceanography of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, ChinaNational Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307-3000, USA <p>BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) Climate System Model (T266 in the atmosphere and <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="f7b7a5d5bfd5c45cef6c295312dc1896"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00001.svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" src="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> latitude <span class="inline-formula">×</span> <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="730b8b169cb37255af42cf31763b7866"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00002.svg" width="20pt" height="14pt" src="gmd-14-2977-2021-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> longitude in the ocean). Its development is on the basis of the medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR (T106 in the atmosphere and 1<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> latitude <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 1<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> longitude in the ocean) which is the baseline for BCC participation in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). This study documents the high-resolution model, highlights major improvements in the representation of atmospheric dynamical core and physical processes. BCC-CSM2-HR is evaluated for historical climate simulations from 1950 to 2014, performed under CMIP6-prescribed historical forcing, in comparison with its previous medium-resolution version BCC-CSM2-MR. Observed global warming trends of surface air temperature from 1950 to 2014 are well captured by both BCC-CSM2-MR and BCC-CSM2-HR. Present-day basic atmospheric mean states during the period from 1995 to 2014 are then evaluated at global scale, followed by an assessment on climate variabilities in the tropics including the tropical cyclones (TCs), the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the stratosphere. It is shown that BCC-CSM2-HR represents the global energy balance well and can realistically reproduce the main patterns of atmospheric temperature and wind, precipitation, land surface air temperature, and sea surface temperature (SST). It also improves the spatial patterns of sea ice and associated seasonal variations in both hemispheres. The bias of the double intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), obvious in BCC-CSM2-MR, almost disappears in BCC-CSM2-HR. TC activity in the tropics is increased with resolution enhanced. The cycle of ENSO, the eastward propagative feature and convection intensity of MJO, and the downward propagation of QBO in BCC-CSM2-HR are all in a better agreement with observations than their counterparts in BCC-CSM2-MR. Some imperfections are, however, noted in BCC-CSM2-HR, such as the excessive cloudiness in the eastern basin of the tropical Pacific with cold SST biases and the insufficient number of tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic.</p>https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/2977/2021/gmd-14-2977-2021.pdf |
| spellingShingle | T. Wu R. Yu Y. Lu W. Jie Y. Fang J. Zhang L. Zhang X. Xin L. Li L. Li Z. Wang Y. Liu F. Zhang F. Wu M. Chu J. Li W. Li Y. Zhang X. Shi W. Zhou J. Yao X. Liu H. Zhao J. Yan M. Wei W. Xue A. Huang Y. Zhang Y. Zhang Q. Shu A. Hu BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model Geoscientific Model Development |
| title | BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
| title_full | BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
| title_fullStr | BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
| title_short | BCC-CSM2-HR: a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model |
| title_sort | bcc csm2 hr a high resolution version of the beijing climate center climate system model |
| url | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/2977/2021/gmd-14-2977-2021.pdf |
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