The influence on behavior and physiology of white-feathered end-of-cycle hens during simulated transport
ABSTRACT: Transportation is a stressful procedure that can alter end-of-cycle hen (EOCH) behavior and physiology. This study (5 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement) aimed to assess the effects of temperature (T)/relative humidity (RH) (−10°C uncontrolled RH (−10), +21°C 30%RH (21/30), +21°C 80%RH (21/80),...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Poultry Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579121006209 |
| _version_ | 1818971932629925888 |
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| author | C. Frerichs K. Beaulac T.G. Crowe K. Schwean-Lardner |
| author_facet | C. Frerichs K. Beaulac T.G. Crowe K. Schwean-Lardner |
| author_sort | C. Frerichs |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: Transportation is a stressful procedure that can alter end-of-cycle hen (EOCH) behavior and physiology. This study (5 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement) aimed to assess the effects of temperature (T)/relative humidity (RH) (−10°C uncontrolled RH (−10), +21°C 30%RH (21/30), +21°C 80%RH (21/80), +30°C 30%RH (30/30), +30°C 80%RH (30/80)), duration (4, 8, 12 h), and feather cover [well (WF) and poorly-feathered (PF)] on white-feathered EOCH (65–70 wk) behavior and physiology. EOCH (n = 630) from 3 commercial farms were housed for adaptation (3–5 d), fasted (6 h), crated (53 kg/m2), and placed in a climate-controlled chamber. Data collected included chamber and crate conditions, feather condition score, mortality, core body temperature (CBT), behavior, and delta (∆) blood physiology. Analyses were conducted via ANOVA in a randomized complete block design (farm of origin) with significance declared at P ≤ 0.05. PF EOCH had higher mortality than WF hens during cold exposure (−10). EOCH ∆CBT demonstrated a greater (positive) change at 12 h for all T/RH compared to 4 h at 21/30, 21/80, and −10 (negative). Cold exposure (−10) resulted in a higher percentage of time spent shivering and motionless, while heat exposure resulted in a higher percentage of time spent panting for WF EOCH exposed to 30/30 and WF and PF hens exposed to 30/80. Hen ∆glucose had a greater (negative) change at 4 and 12 h for −10 compared to 4 h at 21/30, and all durations for 21/80, 30/30, and 30/80. PF hens exposed to −10 had a greater (positive) change in ∆sodium, ∆hemoglobin, and ∆hematocrit compared to WF birds (negative). The development of metabolic alkalosis was supported by the increase in ∆blood pH over time and the increase in ∆partial pressure of carbon dioxide, ∆bicarbonate, and ∆base excess extracellular fluid during cold exposure (−10). These results indicated that EOCH exposed to heat endured thermal stress while PF hens exposed to cold were unable to cope with cold stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T15:00:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-094417a4b6e945f3b0ecba199b2b831e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0032-5791 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T15:00:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Poultry Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-094417a4b6e945f3b0ecba199b2b831e2022-12-21T19:36:42ZengElsevierPoultry Science0032-57912022-02-011012101599The influence on behavior and physiology of white-feathered end-of-cycle hens during simulated transportC. Frerichs0K. Beaulac1T.G. Crowe2K. Schwean-Lardner3Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5A8Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5A8Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5A9Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5A8; Corresponding author:ABSTRACT: Transportation is a stressful procedure that can alter end-of-cycle hen (EOCH) behavior and physiology. This study (5 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement) aimed to assess the effects of temperature (T)/relative humidity (RH) (−10°C uncontrolled RH (−10), +21°C 30%RH (21/30), +21°C 80%RH (21/80), +30°C 30%RH (30/30), +30°C 80%RH (30/80)), duration (4, 8, 12 h), and feather cover [well (WF) and poorly-feathered (PF)] on white-feathered EOCH (65–70 wk) behavior and physiology. EOCH (n = 630) from 3 commercial farms were housed for adaptation (3–5 d), fasted (6 h), crated (53 kg/m2), and placed in a climate-controlled chamber. Data collected included chamber and crate conditions, feather condition score, mortality, core body temperature (CBT), behavior, and delta (∆) blood physiology. Analyses were conducted via ANOVA in a randomized complete block design (farm of origin) with significance declared at P ≤ 0.05. PF EOCH had higher mortality than WF hens during cold exposure (−10). EOCH ∆CBT demonstrated a greater (positive) change at 12 h for all T/RH compared to 4 h at 21/30, 21/80, and −10 (negative). Cold exposure (−10) resulted in a higher percentage of time spent shivering and motionless, while heat exposure resulted in a higher percentage of time spent panting for WF EOCH exposed to 30/30 and WF and PF hens exposed to 30/80. Hen ∆glucose had a greater (negative) change at 4 and 12 h for −10 compared to 4 h at 21/30, and all durations for 21/80, 30/30, and 30/80. PF hens exposed to −10 had a greater (positive) change in ∆sodium, ∆hemoglobin, and ∆hematocrit compared to WF birds (negative). The development of metabolic alkalosis was supported by the increase in ∆blood pH over time and the increase in ∆partial pressure of carbon dioxide, ∆bicarbonate, and ∆base excess extracellular fluid during cold exposure (−10). These results indicated that EOCH exposed to heat endured thermal stress while PF hens exposed to cold were unable to cope with cold stress.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579121006209thermal stressfeather coverthermoregulatory behaviorspent henswelfare |
| spellingShingle | C. Frerichs K. Beaulac T.G. Crowe K. Schwean-Lardner The influence on behavior and physiology of white-feathered end-of-cycle hens during simulated transport Poultry Science thermal stress feather cover thermoregulatory behavior spent hens welfare |
| title | The influence on behavior and physiology of white-feathered end-of-cycle hens during simulated transport |
| title_full | The influence on behavior and physiology of white-feathered end-of-cycle hens during simulated transport |
| title_fullStr | The influence on behavior and physiology of white-feathered end-of-cycle hens during simulated transport |
| title_full_unstemmed | The influence on behavior and physiology of white-feathered end-of-cycle hens during simulated transport |
| title_short | The influence on behavior and physiology of white-feathered end-of-cycle hens during simulated transport |
| title_sort | influence on behavior and physiology of white feathered end of cycle hens during simulated transport |
| topic | thermal stress feather cover thermoregulatory behavior spent hens welfare |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579121006209 |
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