Epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise– a systematic review
Exercise training is continually challenging whole-body homeostasis, leading to improvements in performance and health. Adaptations to exercise training are complex and are influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Epigenetic factors regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific manner a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Epigenetics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2019.1614416 |
| _version_ | 1827811515138310144 |
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| author | Macsue Jacques Danielle Hiam Jeffrey Craig Romain Barrès Nir Eynon Sarah Voisin |
| author_facet | Macsue Jacques Danielle Hiam Jeffrey Craig Romain Barrès Nir Eynon Sarah Voisin |
| author_sort | Macsue Jacques |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exercise training is continually challenging whole-body homeostasis, leading to improvements in performance and health. Adaptations to exercise training are complex and are influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Epigenetic factors regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific manner and constitute a link between the genotype and the environment. Moreover, epigenetic factors are emerging as potential biomarkers that could predict the response to exercise training. This systematic review aimed to identify epigenetic changes that have been reported in skeletal muscle following exercise training in healthy populations. A literature search of five databases (PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINHAL, SCOPUS and SportDiscuss) was conducted in November 2018. Articles were included if they examined epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs) in skeletal muscle, following either an acute bout of exercise, an exercise intervention in a pre/post design, or a case/control type of study. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Several epigenetic markers including DNA methylation of genes known to be differentially expressed after exercise and myomiRs were reported to be modified after exercise. Several epigenetic marks were identified to be altered in response to exercise, with potential influence on skeletal muscle metabolism. However, whether these epigenetic marks play a role in the physiological impact of exercise is unclear. Exercise epigenetics is still a very young research field, and it is expected that in the future the causality of such changes will be elucidated via the utilization of emerging experimental models able to target the epigenome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:06:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0945f6f504424a2597675eebee022f8f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1559-2294 1559-2308 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:06:07Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Epigenetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0945f6f504424a2597675eebee022f8f2023-09-21T13:09:22ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEpigenetics1559-22941559-23082019-07-0114763364810.1080/15592294.2019.16144161614416Epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise– a systematic reviewMacsue Jacques0Danielle Hiam1Jeffrey Craig2Romain Barrès3Nir Eynon4Sarah Voisin5Victoria UniversityVictoria UniversityDeakin UniversityUniversity of CopenhagenVictoria UniversityVictoria UniversityExercise training is continually challenging whole-body homeostasis, leading to improvements in performance and health. Adaptations to exercise training are complex and are influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Epigenetic factors regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific manner and constitute a link between the genotype and the environment. Moreover, epigenetic factors are emerging as potential biomarkers that could predict the response to exercise training. This systematic review aimed to identify epigenetic changes that have been reported in skeletal muscle following exercise training in healthy populations. A literature search of five databases (PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINHAL, SCOPUS and SportDiscuss) was conducted in November 2018. Articles were included if they examined epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs) in skeletal muscle, following either an acute bout of exercise, an exercise intervention in a pre/post design, or a case/control type of study. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Several epigenetic markers including DNA methylation of genes known to be differentially expressed after exercise and myomiRs were reported to be modified after exercise. Several epigenetic marks were identified to be altered in response to exercise, with potential influence on skeletal muscle metabolism. However, whether these epigenetic marks play a role in the physiological impact of exercise is unclear. Exercise epigenetics is still a very young research field, and it is expected that in the future the causality of such changes will be elucidated via the utilization of emerging experimental models able to target the epigenome.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2019.1614416dna methylationhistone modificationsmirnasskeletal muscle |
| spellingShingle | Macsue Jacques Danielle Hiam Jeffrey Craig Romain Barrès Nir Eynon Sarah Voisin Epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise– a systematic review Epigenetics dna methylation histone modifications mirnas skeletal muscle |
| title | Epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise– a systematic review |
| title_full | Epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise– a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise– a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise– a systematic review |
| title_short | Epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise– a systematic review |
| title_sort | epigenetic changes in healthy human skeletal muscle following exercise a systematic review |
| topic | dna methylation histone modifications mirnas skeletal muscle |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2019.1614416 |
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