A Review of the Prevalence of Thromboembolic Complications among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19
<b>Background:</b> Thrombotic conditions triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus can result in high mortality, especially in pregnant women as they are already in a hypercoagulability state. This thereby leads to excessive inflammation that will increase the risk of thromboembolic (TE) complicatio...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/19/5934 |
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| author | Nurul Syafiqah Mohd Ariff Izzati Abdul Halim Zaki Zakiah Mohd Noordin Nur Sabiha Md Hussin Khang Wen Goh Long Chiau Ming Hanis Hanum Zulkifly |
| author_facet | Nurul Syafiqah Mohd Ariff Izzati Abdul Halim Zaki Zakiah Mohd Noordin Nur Sabiha Md Hussin Khang Wen Goh Long Chiau Ming Hanis Hanum Zulkifly |
| author_sort | Nurul Syafiqah Mohd Ariff |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Thrombotic conditions triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus can result in high mortality, especially in pregnant women as they are already in a hypercoagulability state. This thereby leads to excessive inflammation that will increase the risk of thromboembolic (TE) complications. <b>Objective:</b> The aim of this study is to review the prevalence of thromboembolic complications such as deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and intervillous thrombosis, and their preventive strategies among pregnant women infected with COVID-19. <b>Method:</b> The articles were retrieved from online databases PubMed and ScienceDirect published from February 2020 to April 2022. <b>Findings:</b> A total of 5249 participants including 5128 pregnant women and 121 placentas from 19 studies were identified for having TE complications after being infected with COVID-19. The types of TE complications that developed within pregnant women were disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (<i>n</i> = 44, 0.86%), unmentioned thromboembolic complications (TE) (<i>n</i> = 14, 0.27%), intervillous thrombosis (IVT) (<i>n</i> = 9, 0.18%), pulmonary embolism (PE) (<i>n</i> = 6, 0.12%), COVID-19 associated coagulopathy (CAC) (<i>n</i> = 5, 0.10%), and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (<i>n</i> = 2, 0.04%). Whereas the prevalence of TE complications reported from studies focusing on placenta were IVT (<i>n</i> = 27, 22.3%), subchorionic thrombus (SCT) (<i>n</i> = 9, 7.44%), and placental thrombosis (<i>n</i> = 5, 4.13%). Thromboprophylaxis agent used among pregnant women include low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) at prophylactic dose (<i>n</i> = 9). <b>Conclusions:</b> The prevalence of thromboembolic complications among pregnant women infected by COVID-19 is low with DIC being the most common form and placental thrombosis being the least common form of TE complications that occurred within pregnant women infected with COVID-19. Anticoagulation, in particular LMWH (variable dose), is frequently used to prevent TE complications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:33:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-094a185cbab04efbbc65cd5f756498b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:33:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-094a185cbab04efbbc65cd5f756498b92023-11-23T20:51:16ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-10-011119593410.3390/jcm11195934A Review of the Prevalence of Thromboembolic Complications among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19Nurul Syafiqah Mohd Ariff0Izzati Abdul Halim Zaki1Zakiah Mohd Noordin2Nur Sabiha Md Hussin3Khang Wen Goh4Long Chiau Ming5Hanis Hanum Zulkifly6Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, MalaysiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, MalaysiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, MalaysiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, MalaysiaFaculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, MalaysiaPAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, BruneiFaculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia<b>Background:</b> Thrombotic conditions triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus can result in high mortality, especially in pregnant women as they are already in a hypercoagulability state. This thereby leads to excessive inflammation that will increase the risk of thromboembolic (TE) complications. <b>Objective:</b> The aim of this study is to review the prevalence of thromboembolic complications such as deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and intervillous thrombosis, and their preventive strategies among pregnant women infected with COVID-19. <b>Method:</b> The articles were retrieved from online databases PubMed and ScienceDirect published from February 2020 to April 2022. <b>Findings:</b> A total of 5249 participants including 5128 pregnant women and 121 placentas from 19 studies were identified for having TE complications after being infected with COVID-19. The types of TE complications that developed within pregnant women were disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (<i>n</i> = 44, 0.86%), unmentioned thromboembolic complications (TE) (<i>n</i> = 14, 0.27%), intervillous thrombosis (IVT) (<i>n</i> = 9, 0.18%), pulmonary embolism (PE) (<i>n</i> = 6, 0.12%), COVID-19 associated coagulopathy (CAC) (<i>n</i> = 5, 0.10%), and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (<i>n</i> = 2, 0.04%). Whereas the prevalence of TE complications reported from studies focusing on placenta were IVT (<i>n</i> = 27, 22.3%), subchorionic thrombus (SCT) (<i>n</i> = 9, 7.44%), and placental thrombosis (<i>n</i> = 5, 4.13%). Thromboprophylaxis agent used among pregnant women include low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) at prophylactic dose (<i>n</i> = 9). <b>Conclusions:</b> The prevalence of thromboembolic complications among pregnant women infected by COVID-19 is low with DIC being the most common form and placental thrombosis being the least common form of TE complications that occurred within pregnant women infected with COVID-19. Anticoagulation, in particular LMWH (variable dose), is frequently used to prevent TE complications.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/19/5934COVID-19thromboembolic complicationsvenous thromboembolismprevalencedisseminated intravascular coagulationintervillous thrombosis |
| spellingShingle | Nurul Syafiqah Mohd Ariff Izzati Abdul Halim Zaki Zakiah Mohd Noordin Nur Sabiha Md Hussin Khang Wen Goh Long Chiau Ming Hanis Hanum Zulkifly A Review of the Prevalence of Thromboembolic Complications among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19 Journal of Clinical Medicine COVID-19 thromboembolic complications venous thromboembolism prevalence disseminated intravascular coagulation intervillous thrombosis |
| title | A Review of the Prevalence of Thromboembolic Complications among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19 |
| title_full | A Review of the Prevalence of Thromboembolic Complications among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | A Review of the Prevalence of Thromboembolic Complications among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of the Prevalence of Thromboembolic Complications among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19 |
| title_short | A Review of the Prevalence of Thromboembolic Complications among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19 |
| title_sort | review of the prevalence of thromboembolic complications among pregnant women infected with covid 19 |
| topic | COVID-19 thromboembolic complications venous thromboembolism prevalence disseminated intravascular coagulation intervillous thrombosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/19/5934 |
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