Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Profiles and Marker Compounds of Camellia (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) Bee Pollen
Camellia bee pollen (CBP) is a major kind of bee product which is collected by honeybees from tea tree (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) flowers and agglutinated into pellets via oral secretion. Due to its special healthcare value, the authenticity of its botanical origin is of great interes...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/14/2661 |
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| author | Dandan Qi Meiling Lu Jianke Li Chuan Ma |
| author_facet | Dandan Qi Meiling Lu Jianke Li Chuan Ma |
| author_sort | Dandan Qi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Camellia bee pollen (CBP) is a major kind of bee product which is collected by honeybees from tea tree (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) flowers and agglutinated into pellets via oral secretion. Due to its special healthcare value, the authenticity of its botanical origin is of great interest. This study aimed at distinguishing CBP from other bee pollen, including rose, apricot, lotus, rape, and wuweizi bee pollen, based on a non-targeted metabolomics approach using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Among the bee pollen groups, 54 differential compounds were identified, including flavonol glycosides and flavone glycosides, catechins, amino acids, and organic acids. A clear separation between CBP and all other samples was observed in the score plots of the principal component analysis, indicating distinctive metabolic profiles of CBP. Notably, L-theanine (864.83–2204.26 mg/kg) and epicatechin gallate (94.08–401.82 mg/kg) were identified exclusively in all CBP and were proposed as marker compounds of CBP. Our study unravels the distinctive metabolic profiles of CBP and provides specific and quantified metabolite indicators for the assessment of authentic CBP. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:04:16Z |
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| id | doaj.art-094b35e21cf14fc4b1082b07200b7a8a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:04:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-094b35e21cf14fc4b1082b07200b7a8a2023-11-18T19:19:30ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-07-011214266110.3390/foods12142661Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Profiles and Marker Compounds of Camellia (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) Bee PollenDandan Qi0Meiling Lu1Jianke Li2Chuan Ma3State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, ChinaAgilent Technologies (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, ChinaCamellia bee pollen (CBP) is a major kind of bee product which is collected by honeybees from tea tree (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) flowers and agglutinated into pellets via oral secretion. Due to its special healthcare value, the authenticity of its botanical origin is of great interest. This study aimed at distinguishing CBP from other bee pollen, including rose, apricot, lotus, rape, and wuweizi bee pollen, based on a non-targeted metabolomics approach using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Among the bee pollen groups, 54 differential compounds were identified, including flavonol glycosides and flavone glycosides, catechins, amino acids, and organic acids. A clear separation between CBP and all other samples was observed in the score plots of the principal component analysis, indicating distinctive metabolic profiles of CBP. Notably, L-theanine (864.83–2204.26 mg/kg) and epicatechin gallate (94.08–401.82 mg/kg) were identified exclusively in all CBP and were proposed as marker compounds of CBP. Our study unravels the distinctive metabolic profiles of CBP and provides specific and quantified metabolite indicators for the assessment of authentic CBP.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/14/2661camellia bee pollenL-theanineepicatechin gallatemarker compoundbotanical origin |
| spellingShingle | Dandan Qi Meiling Lu Jianke Li Chuan Ma Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Profiles and Marker Compounds of Camellia (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) Bee Pollen Foods camellia bee pollen L-theanine epicatechin gallate marker compound botanical origin |
| title | Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Profiles and Marker Compounds of Camellia (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) Bee Pollen |
| title_full | Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Profiles and Marker Compounds of Camellia (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) Bee Pollen |
| title_fullStr | Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Profiles and Marker Compounds of Camellia (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) Bee Pollen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Profiles and Marker Compounds of Camellia (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) Bee Pollen |
| title_short | Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Profiles and Marker Compounds of Camellia (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) Bee Pollen |
| title_sort | metabolomics reveals distinctive metabolic profiles and marker compounds of camellia i camellia sinensis i l bee pollen |
| topic | camellia bee pollen L-theanine epicatechin gallate marker compound botanical origin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/14/2661 |
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