Japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in Northern West Bengal, India
Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by JE virus (JEV) and transmitted to humans from pigs or aquatic birds by vector mosquitoes in southeast Asian countries. In this study, JEV infection rate among vector mosquitoes and domestic pigs was determined by detect...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijph.in/article.asp?issn=0019-557X;year=2023;volume=67;issue=4;spage=646;epage=653;aulast=Ballav |
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| author | Sudeep Ballav Asit Kumar Biswas Pabitra Saha Ushnish Guha Tulsi Pramanik Ardhendu Kumar Maji Subhasish Kamal Guha |
| author_facet | Sudeep Ballav Asit Kumar Biswas Pabitra Saha Ushnish Guha Tulsi Pramanik Ardhendu Kumar Maji Subhasish Kamal Guha |
| author_sort | Sudeep Ballav |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by JE virus (JEV) and transmitted to humans from pigs or aquatic birds by vector mosquitoes in southeast Asian countries. In this study, JEV infection rate among vector mosquitoes and domestic pigs was determined by detecting viral RNA and anti-JEV antibody (immunoglobulin G), respectively. Materials and Methods: A total of 146 pool mosquitoes of Culex vishnui subgroup and 278 pig blood samples were analyzed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods, respectively. E and premembrane (PrM) gene of JEV detected among vectors were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results: Five (5.81%) pools of Culex tritaeniorhynchus were positive for JEV with pooled infection rate 1.70/1000 mosquitoes. A total of 108 (38.84%) blood samples were positive for anti-JEV antibody. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that our own E and PrM gene sequence of JEV belonging to Genotype III and showed 96.95% sequence similarities with the vaccine strain SA14-14-2. Conclusion: It was observed that domestic pigs of northern West Bengal were highly infected with JEV. Hence, the transmission should be blocked by pig vaccination. A pilot study may be undertaken for mass vaccination of the prevailing pig population to observe any reduced rate of JEV transmission from both pig to pig and pig to human. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:09:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-098c3167417f470caef5f1e559002ffc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0019-557X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:09:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-098c3167417f470caef5f1e559002ffc2024-04-03T09:29:08ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Public Health0019-557X2023-01-0167464665310.4103/ijph.ijph_1734_22Japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in Northern West Bengal, IndiaSudeep BallavAsit Kumar BiswasPabitra SahaUshnish GuhaTulsi PramanikArdhendu Kumar MajiSubhasish Kamal GuhaBackground: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by JE virus (JEV) and transmitted to humans from pigs or aquatic birds by vector mosquitoes in southeast Asian countries. In this study, JEV infection rate among vector mosquitoes and domestic pigs was determined by detecting viral RNA and anti-JEV antibody (immunoglobulin G), respectively. Materials and Methods: A total of 146 pool mosquitoes of Culex vishnui subgroup and 278 pig blood samples were analyzed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods, respectively. E and premembrane (PrM) gene of JEV detected among vectors were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results: Five (5.81%) pools of Culex tritaeniorhynchus were positive for JEV with pooled infection rate 1.70/1000 mosquitoes. A total of 108 (38.84%) blood samples were positive for anti-JEV antibody. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that our own E and PrM gene sequence of JEV belonging to Genotype III and showed 96.95% sequence similarities with the vaccine strain SA14-14-2. Conclusion: It was observed that domestic pigs of northern West Bengal were highly infected with JEV. Hence, the transmission should be blocked by pig vaccination. A pilot study may be undertaken for mass vaccination of the prevailing pig population to observe any reduced rate of JEV transmission from both pig to pig and pig to human.http://www.ijph.in/article.asp?issn=0019-557X;year=2023;volume=67;issue=4;spage=646;epage=653;aulast=Ballavdomestic pigindiajapanese encephalitis vectorsjapanese encephalitis virusphylogenetic tree |
| spellingShingle | Sudeep Ballav Asit Kumar Biswas Pabitra Saha Ushnish Guha Tulsi Pramanik Ardhendu Kumar Maji Subhasish Kamal Guha Japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in Northern West Bengal, India Indian Journal of Public Health domestic pig india japanese encephalitis vectors japanese encephalitis virus phylogenetic tree |
| title | Japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in Northern West Bengal, India |
| title_full | Japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in Northern West Bengal, India |
| title_fullStr | Japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in Northern West Bengal, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in Northern West Bengal, India |
| title_short | Japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in Northern West Bengal, India |
| title_sort | japanese encephalitis virus infection among wild caught vectors mosquitoes and domestic pigs in northern west bengal india |
| topic | domestic pig india japanese encephalitis vectors japanese encephalitis virus phylogenetic tree |
| url | http://www.ijph.in/article.asp?issn=0019-557X;year=2023;volume=67;issue=4;spage=646;epage=653;aulast=Ballav |
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