Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice by Morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT Assessments
Atherosclerosis represents one of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Their etiologies have been studied in recent years in order to better define therapeutic targets for intervention and to identify diagnostic methods. Two different subtypes of macrophages, M1 and...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2920 |
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| author | Lorenzo Nardo Rita Rezzani Luca Facchetti Gaia Favero Caterina Franco Yasser Gaber Abdelhafez Ramsey Derek Badawi Michele Guindani Youngho Seo Miguel Pampaloni |
| author_facet | Lorenzo Nardo Rita Rezzani Luca Facchetti Gaia Favero Caterina Franco Yasser Gaber Abdelhafez Ramsey Derek Badawi Michele Guindani Youngho Seo Miguel Pampaloni |
| author_sort | Lorenzo Nardo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atherosclerosis represents one of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Their etiologies have been studied in recent years in order to better define therapeutic targets for intervention and to identify diagnostic methods. Two different subtypes of macrophages, M1 and M2, have been described in physiological conditions. They can also be found in the atherosclerotic process, where they both have opposite roles in disease progression. Perivascular brown adipose tissue is also involved in inflammation and endothelial damage. In this work, we provide insights into the protective role of melatonin in the atherosclerotic process by morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET/CT analyses. In particular, we examined the effects of melatonin on pathways that are linked to atherosclerosis development. We showed that melatonin, by suppressing M1 activity, reduced inflammation and directed macrophage polarization toward the M2 macrophage subtype. Moreover, melatonin preserved the activity of perivascular brown adipose tissue. In addition, <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake is very high in mice treated with melatonin, confirming that other factors may alter <sup>18</sup>F-FDG distribution. In conclusion, we showed that melatonin affects inflammatory pathways that have been linked to atherosclerosis, assessed the relationships of the <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT parameters with macrophage markers and the production of their cytokines, which that have been defined by morphological evaluations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:18:57Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:18:57Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-0990666505b84ca1b5327bc2c5f45a792023-11-19T22:20:10ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-04-01218292010.3390/ijms21082920Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice by Morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT AssessmentsLorenzo Nardo0Rita Rezzani1Luca Facchetti2Gaia Favero3Caterina Franco4Yasser Gaber Abdelhafez5Ramsey Derek Badawi6Michele Guindani7Youngho Seo8Miguel Pampaloni9Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, CA 97817, USAAnatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyAnatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyAnatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, University of California, Davis, CA 97817, USADepartment of Radiology, University of California, Davis, CA 97817, USADepartment of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USADepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USADepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USAAtherosclerosis represents one of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Their etiologies have been studied in recent years in order to better define therapeutic targets for intervention and to identify diagnostic methods. Two different subtypes of macrophages, M1 and M2, have been described in physiological conditions. They can also be found in the atherosclerotic process, where they both have opposite roles in disease progression. Perivascular brown adipose tissue is also involved in inflammation and endothelial damage. In this work, we provide insights into the protective role of melatonin in the atherosclerotic process by morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET/CT analyses. In particular, we examined the effects of melatonin on pathways that are linked to atherosclerosis development. We showed that melatonin, by suppressing M1 activity, reduced inflammation and directed macrophage polarization toward the M2 macrophage subtype. Moreover, melatonin preserved the activity of perivascular brown adipose tissue. In addition, <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake is very high in mice treated with melatonin, confirming that other factors may alter <sup>18</sup>F-FDG distribution. In conclusion, we showed that melatonin affects inflammatory pathways that have been linked to atherosclerosis, assessed the relationships of the <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT parameters with macrophage markers and the production of their cytokines, which that have been defined by morphological evaluations.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2920atherosclerosismelatoninmacrophage polarizationperivascular brown adipose tissuemolecular imagingPET/CT |
| spellingShingle | Lorenzo Nardo Rita Rezzani Luca Facchetti Gaia Favero Caterina Franco Yasser Gaber Abdelhafez Ramsey Derek Badawi Michele Guindani Youngho Seo Miguel Pampaloni Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice by Morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT Assessments International Journal of Molecular Sciences atherosclerosis melatonin macrophage polarization perivascular brown adipose tissue molecular imaging PET/CT |
| title | Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice by Morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT Assessments |
| title_full | Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice by Morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT Assessments |
| title_fullStr | Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice by Morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT Assessments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice by Morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT Assessments |
| title_short | Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice by Morphological and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT Assessments |
| title_sort | beneficial effects of melatonin on apolipoprotein e knockout mice by morphological and sup 18 sup f fdg pet ct assessments |
| topic | atherosclerosis melatonin macrophage polarization perivascular brown adipose tissue molecular imaging PET/CT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2920 |
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