The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects
One important health problem that could affect diabetics is diabetic foot syndrome, as risk of ulceration, neuropathy, ischemia and infection. Unnoticed minor injuries, subsequent infection and ulceration may end in a foot amputation. Preliminary studies have shown a relationship between increased s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1821 |
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| author | José Torreblanca González Beatriz Gómez-Martín Ascensión Hernández Encinas Jesús Martín-Vaquero Araceli Queiruga-Dios Alfonso Martínez-Nova |
| author_facet | José Torreblanca González Beatriz Gómez-Martín Ascensión Hernández Encinas Jesús Martín-Vaquero Araceli Queiruga-Dios Alfonso Martínez-Nova |
| author_sort | José Torreblanca González |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One important health problem that could affect diabetics is diabetic foot syndrome, as risk of ulceration, neuropathy, ischemia and infection. Unnoticed minor injuries, subsequent infection and ulceration may end in a foot amputation. Preliminary studies have shown a relationship between increased skin temperature and asymmetries between the same regions of both feet. In the preulceration phase, to develop a smart device able to control the temperature of these types of patients to avoid this risk might be very useful. A statistical analysis has been carried out with a sample of foot temperature data obtained from 93 individuals, of whom 44 are diabetics and 49 nondiabetics and among them 43% are men and 57% are women. Data obtained with a thermographic camera has been successful in providing a set of regions of interest, where the temperature could influence the individual, and the behavior of several variables that could affect these subjects provides a mathematical model. Finally, an in-depth analysis of existing sensors situated in those positions, namely, heel, medial midfoot, first metatarsal head, fifth metatarsal head, and first toe has allowed for the development of a smart sock to store temperatures obtained every few minutes in a mobile device. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0994b900a01741b7bb684cf459c7b4c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-0994b900a01741b7bb684cf459c7b4c92023-12-03T12:42:04ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-03-01215182110.3390/s21051821The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic SubjectsJosé Torreblanca González0Beatriz Gómez-Martín1Ascensión Hernández Encinas2Jesús Martín-Vaquero3Araceli Queiruga-Dios4Alfonso Martínez-Nova5School of Industrial Engineering, University of Salamanca, E37700 Salamanca, SpainDepartment of Nursing, Centro Universitario de Plasencia, University of Extremadura, E10600 Plasencia, SpainFaculty of Sciences, University of Salamanca, E37008 Salamanca, SpainSchool of Industrial Engineering, University of Salamanca, E37700 Salamanca, SpainSchool of Industrial Engineering, University of Salamanca, E37700 Salamanca, SpainDepartment of Nursing, Centro Universitario de Plasencia, University of Extremadura, E10600 Plasencia, SpainOne important health problem that could affect diabetics is diabetic foot syndrome, as risk of ulceration, neuropathy, ischemia and infection. Unnoticed minor injuries, subsequent infection and ulceration may end in a foot amputation. Preliminary studies have shown a relationship between increased skin temperature and asymmetries between the same regions of both feet. In the preulceration phase, to develop a smart device able to control the temperature of these types of patients to avoid this risk might be very useful. A statistical analysis has been carried out with a sample of foot temperature data obtained from 93 individuals, of whom 44 are diabetics and 49 nondiabetics and among them 43% are men and 57% are women. Data obtained with a thermographic camera has been successful in providing a set of regions of interest, where the temperature could influence the individual, and the behavior of several variables that could affect these subjects provides a mathematical model. Finally, an in-depth analysis of existing sensors situated in those positions, namely, heel, medial midfoot, first metatarsal head, fifth metatarsal head, and first toe has allowed for the development of a smart sock to store temperatures obtained every few minutes in a mobile device.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1821diabetic footgaitmonitoring foot temperaturesmart wearable |
| spellingShingle | José Torreblanca González Beatriz Gómez-Martín Ascensión Hernández Encinas Jesús Martín-Vaquero Araceli Queiruga-Dios Alfonso Martínez-Nova The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects Sensors diabetic foot gait monitoring foot temperature smart wearable |
| title | The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects |
| title_full | The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects |
| title_fullStr | The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects |
| title_short | The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects |
| title_sort | use of infrared thermography to develop and assess a wearable sock and monitor foot temperature in diabetic subjects |
| topic | diabetic foot gait monitoring foot temperature smart wearable |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1821 |
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