Treatment of Effluent Containing p-Cresol through an Advanced Oxidation Process in a Batch Reactor: Kinetic Optimization
The present research is related to the study of p-cresol oxidation reaction in aqueous phase. Firstly, the conventional advanced oxidation process (AOP) in a lab-scale batch reactor was used, seeking to identify the most impacting process variables and then to propose an optimization approach for en...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/13/5027 |
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| author | Julierme G. C. Oliveira Yana B. Brandão Dinaldo C. Oliveira Jailson R. Teodosio Cristiane M. Moraes Attilio Converti Alessandro Alberto Casazza Leonie Asfora Sarubbo Mohand Benachour |
| author_facet | Julierme G. C. Oliveira Yana B. Brandão Dinaldo C. Oliveira Jailson R. Teodosio Cristiane M. Moraes Attilio Converti Alessandro Alberto Casazza Leonie Asfora Sarubbo Mohand Benachour |
| author_sort | Julierme G. C. Oliveira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present research is related to the study of p-cresol oxidation reaction in aqueous phase. Firstly, the conventional advanced oxidation process (AOP) in a lab-scale batch reactor was used, seeking to identify the most impacting process variables and then to propose an optimization approach for ensuring the complete p-cresol degradation and the highest total organic carbon (TOC) conversion. In the AOP with the use of hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent, the oxidation reaction was optimized with the aid of a factorial design, and a maximum TOC conversion of 63% was obtained. The Lumped Kinetic Model (LKM) was used to describe the profile of residual TOC concentration due to chemical species, which were categorized into two groups (refractory and non-refractory compounds). The model was able to satisfactorily describe the profile of the residual fractions of these two classes of organic compounds and allowed estimating the related kinetic constants (<i>k</i>) at two different temperatures, namely (a) 3.19 × 10<sup>−1</sup> and 2.82 × 10<sup>−3</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> for non-refractory and refractory compounds at 80 °C and (b) 4.73 × 10<sup>−1</sup> and 5.09 × 10<sup>−3</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> for the same compound classes at 90 °C, while the activation energy (<i>E</i><sub>a</sub>) of the process was 42.02 and 62.09 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The kinetic modeling of organic pollutants oxidation in liquid effluents would allow to perform in situ seawater treatment on vertical reactors installed in offshore platforms and to properly release treated water into the oceans. In this way, ocean contamination caused by the exploration on offshore platforms of oil and natural gas, the main energy sources and vectors in the current world, may be remarkably reduced, thus favoring a more eco-friendly energy production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:41:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-09b5d3a486b64ed2b059b00f8835745f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:41:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-09b5d3a486b64ed2b059b00f8835745f2023-11-18T16:29:20ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-06-011613502710.3390/en16135027Treatment of Effluent Containing p-Cresol through an Advanced Oxidation Process in a Batch Reactor: Kinetic OptimizationJulierme G. C. Oliveira0Yana B. Brandão1Dinaldo C. Oliveira2Jailson R. Teodosio3Cristiane M. Moraes4Attilio Converti5Alessandro Alberto Casazza6Leonie Asfora Sarubbo7Mohand Benachour8Department of Chemical Engineering, Catholic University of Pernambuco (UNICAP), Rua do Príncipe, 526, Recife 50050-900, BrazilDepartment of Engineering, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), UACSA, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 54518-430, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. dos Economistas, s/n, Recife 50740-590, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Catholic University of Pernambuco (UNICAP), Rua do Príncipe, 526, Recife 50050-900, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. dos Economistas, s/n, Recife 50740-590, BrazilDepartment of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa (UNIGE), I-16145 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa (UNIGE), I-16145 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Catholic University of Pernambuco (UNICAP), Rua do Príncipe, 526, Recife 50050-900, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. dos Economistas, s/n, Recife 50740-590, BrazilThe present research is related to the study of p-cresol oxidation reaction in aqueous phase. Firstly, the conventional advanced oxidation process (AOP) in a lab-scale batch reactor was used, seeking to identify the most impacting process variables and then to propose an optimization approach for ensuring the complete p-cresol degradation and the highest total organic carbon (TOC) conversion. In the AOP with the use of hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent, the oxidation reaction was optimized with the aid of a factorial design, and a maximum TOC conversion of 63% was obtained. The Lumped Kinetic Model (LKM) was used to describe the profile of residual TOC concentration due to chemical species, which were categorized into two groups (refractory and non-refractory compounds). The model was able to satisfactorily describe the profile of the residual fractions of these two classes of organic compounds and allowed estimating the related kinetic constants (<i>k</i>) at two different temperatures, namely (a) 3.19 × 10<sup>−1</sup> and 2.82 × 10<sup>−3</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> for non-refractory and refractory compounds at 80 °C and (b) 4.73 × 10<sup>−1</sup> and 5.09 × 10<sup>−3</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> for the same compound classes at 90 °C, while the activation energy (<i>E</i><sub>a</sub>) of the process was 42.02 and 62.09 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The kinetic modeling of organic pollutants oxidation in liquid effluents would allow to perform in situ seawater treatment on vertical reactors installed in offshore platforms and to properly release treated water into the oceans. In this way, ocean contamination caused by the exploration on offshore platforms of oil and natural gas, the main energy sources and vectors in the current world, may be remarkably reduced, thus favoring a more eco-friendly energy production.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/13/5027p-cresolHPLCtotal organic carbonadvanced oxidation processLumped Kinetic Model |
| spellingShingle | Julierme G. C. Oliveira Yana B. Brandão Dinaldo C. Oliveira Jailson R. Teodosio Cristiane M. Moraes Attilio Converti Alessandro Alberto Casazza Leonie Asfora Sarubbo Mohand Benachour Treatment of Effluent Containing p-Cresol through an Advanced Oxidation Process in a Batch Reactor: Kinetic Optimization Energies p-cresol HPLC total organic carbon advanced oxidation process Lumped Kinetic Model |
| title | Treatment of Effluent Containing p-Cresol through an Advanced Oxidation Process in a Batch Reactor: Kinetic Optimization |
| title_full | Treatment of Effluent Containing p-Cresol through an Advanced Oxidation Process in a Batch Reactor: Kinetic Optimization |
| title_fullStr | Treatment of Effluent Containing p-Cresol through an Advanced Oxidation Process in a Batch Reactor: Kinetic Optimization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment of Effluent Containing p-Cresol through an Advanced Oxidation Process in a Batch Reactor: Kinetic Optimization |
| title_short | Treatment of Effluent Containing p-Cresol through an Advanced Oxidation Process in a Batch Reactor: Kinetic Optimization |
| title_sort | treatment of effluent containing p cresol through an advanced oxidation process in a batch reactor kinetic optimization |
| topic | p-cresol HPLC total organic carbon advanced oxidation process Lumped Kinetic Model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/13/5027 |
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