Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT Polymerization
Patients with bone diseases often experience increased bone fragility. When bone injuries exceed the body’s natural healing capacity, they become significant obstacles. The global rise in the aging population and the escalating obesity pandemic are anticipated to lead to a notable increase in acute...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | Polymers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/4/472 |
| _version_ | 1797297113465356288 |
|---|---|
| author | Mauricio A. Sarabia-Vallejos Scarleth Romero De la Fuente Pamela Tapia Nicolás A. Cohn-Inostroza Manuel Estrada David Ortiz-Puerta Juan Rodríguez-Hernández Carmen M. González-Henríquez |
| author_facet | Mauricio A. Sarabia-Vallejos Scarleth Romero De la Fuente Pamela Tapia Nicolás A. Cohn-Inostroza Manuel Estrada David Ortiz-Puerta Juan Rodríguez-Hernández Carmen M. González-Henríquez |
| author_sort | Mauricio A. Sarabia-Vallejos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Patients with bone diseases often experience increased bone fragility. When bone injuries exceed the body’s natural healing capacity, they become significant obstacles. The global rise in the aging population and the escalating obesity pandemic are anticipated to lead to a notable increase in acute bone injuries in the coming years. Our research developed a novel DLP resin for 3D printing, utilizing poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDA) and various monomers through the PET-RAFT polymerization method. To enhance the performance of bone scaffolds, triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) were incorporated into the printed structure, promoting porosity and pore interconnectivity without reducing the mechanical resistance of the printed piece. The gyroid TPMS structure was the one that showed the highest mechanical resistance (0.94 ± 0.117 and 1.66 ± 0.240 MPa) for both variants of resin composition. Additionally, bioactive particles were introduced to enhance the material’s biocompatibility, showcasing the potential for incorporating active compounds for specific applications. The inclusion of bioceramic particles produces an increase of 13% in bioactivity signal for osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase essay) compared to that of control resins. Our findings highlight the substantial improvement in printing precision and resolution achieved by including the photoabsorber, Rose Bengal, in the synthesized resin. This enhancement allows for creating intricately detailed and accurately defined 3D-printed parts. Furthermore, the TPMS gyroid structure significantly enhances the material’s mechanical resistance, while including bioactive compounds significantly boosts the polymeric resin’s biocompatibility and bioactivity (osteogenic differentiation). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:16:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-09b83ffd533040d194b1f6c85f019b5f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:16:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-09b83ffd533040d194b1f6c85f019b5f2024-02-23T15:32:12ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602024-02-0116447210.3390/polym16040472Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT PolymerizationMauricio A. Sarabia-Vallejos0Scarleth Romero De la Fuente1Pamela Tapia2Nicolás A. Cohn-Inostroza3Manuel Estrada4David Ortiz-Puerta5Juan Rodríguez-Hernández6Carmen M. González-Henríquez7Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8420524, ChileDepartamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, ChileDepartamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, ChilePrograma de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, ChilePrograma de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, ChileFacultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8420524, ChilePolymer Functionalization Group, Departamento de Química Macromolecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTP-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, ChilePatients with bone diseases often experience increased bone fragility. When bone injuries exceed the body’s natural healing capacity, they become significant obstacles. The global rise in the aging population and the escalating obesity pandemic are anticipated to lead to a notable increase in acute bone injuries in the coming years. Our research developed a novel DLP resin for 3D printing, utilizing poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDA) and various monomers through the PET-RAFT polymerization method. To enhance the performance of bone scaffolds, triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) were incorporated into the printed structure, promoting porosity and pore interconnectivity without reducing the mechanical resistance of the printed piece. The gyroid TPMS structure was the one that showed the highest mechanical resistance (0.94 ± 0.117 and 1.66 ± 0.240 MPa) for both variants of resin composition. Additionally, bioactive particles were introduced to enhance the material’s biocompatibility, showcasing the potential for incorporating active compounds for specific applications. The inclusion of bioceramic particles produces an increase of 13% in bioactivity signal for osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase essay) compared to that of control resins. Our findings highlight the substantial improvement in printing precision and resolution achieved by including the photoabsorber, Rose Bengal, in the synthesized resin. This enhancement allows for creating intricately detailed and accurately defined 3D-printed parts. Furthermore, the TPMS gyroid structure significantly enhances the material’s mechanical resistance, while including bioactive compounds significantly boosts the polymeric resin’s biocompatibility and bioactivity (osteogenic differentiation).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/4/472DLP resinbone scaffoldbioceramicsRAFT polymerizationphotoabsorbers |
| spellingShingle | Mauricio A. Sarabia-Vallejos Scarleth Romero De la Fuente Pamela Tapia Nicolás A. Cohn-Inostroza Manuel Estrada David Ortiz-Puerta Juan Rodríguez-Hernández Carmen M. González-Henríquez Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT Polymerization Polymers DLP resin bone scaffold bioceramics RAFT polymerization photoabsorbers |
| title | Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT Polymerization |
| title_full | Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT Polymerization |
| title_fullStr | Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT Polymerization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT Polymerization |
| title_short | Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT Polymerization |
| title_sort | development of biocompatible digital light processing resins for additive manufacturing using visible light induced raft polymerization |
| topic | DLP resin bone scaffold bioceramics RAFT polymerization photoabsorbers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/4/472 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mauricioasarabiavallejos developmentofbiocompatibledigitallightprocessingresinsforadditivemanufacturingusingvisiblelightinducedraftpolymerization AT scarlethromerodelafuente developmentofbiocompatibledigitallightprocessingresinsforadditivemanufacturingusingvisiblelightinducedraftpolymerization AT pamelatapia developmentofbiocompatibledigitallightprocessingresinsforadditivemanufacturingusingvisiblelightinducedraftpolymerization AT nicolasacohninostroza developmentofbiocompatibledigitallightprocessingresinsforadditivemanufacturingusingvisiblelightinducedraftpolymerization AT manuelestrada developmentofbiocompatibledigitallightprocessingresinsforadditivemanufacturingusingvisiblelightinducedraftpolymerization AT davidortizpuerta developmentofbiocompatibledigitallightprocessingresinsforadditivemanufacturingusingvisiblelightinducedraftpolymerization AT juanrodriguezhernandez developmentofbiocompatibledigitallightprocessingresinsforadditivemanufacturingusingvisiblelightinducedraftpolymerization AT carmenmgonzalezhenriquez developmentofbiocompatibledigitallightprocessingresinsforadditivemanufacturingusingvisiblelightinducedraftpolymerization |