Strategies for Bacterial Eradication from Human and Animal Semen Samples: Current Options and Future Alternatives
The primary role of semen processing and preservation is to maintain a high proportion of structurally and functionally competent and mature spermatozoa, that may be used for the purposes of artificial reproduction when needed, whilst minimizing any potential causes of sperm deterioration during ex...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/15/6978 |
| _version_ | 1797585944082120704 |
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| author | Michal Ďuračka Filip Benko Milan Chňapek Eva Tvrdá |
| author_facet | Michal Ďuračka Filip Benko Milan Chňapek Eva Tvrdá |
| author_sort | Michal Ďuračka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The primary role of semen processing and preservation is to maintain a high proportion of structurally and functionally competent and mature spermatozoa, that may be used for the purposes of artificial reproduction when needed, whilst minimizing any potential causes of sperm deterioration during ex vivo semen handling. Out of a multitude of variables determining the success of sperm preservation, bacterial contamination has been acknowledged with an increased interest because of its often unpredictable and complex effects on semen quality. Whilst antibiotics are usually the most straight-forward option to prevent the bacterial contamination of semen, antimicrobial resistance has become a serious threat requiring widespread attention. As such, besides discussing the consequences of bacteriospermia on the sperm vitality and the risks of antibiotic overuse in andrology, this paper summarizes the currently available evidence on alternative strategies to prevent bacterial contamination of semen prior to, during, and following sperm processing, selection, and preservation. Alternative antibacterial supplements are reviewed, and emphasis is given to modern methods of sperm selection that may be combined by the physical removal of bacteria prior to sperm preservation or by use in assisted reproductive technologies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:16:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-09c8d77b618246adb0efc46a4e03581b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:16:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-09c8d77b618246adb0efc46a4e03581b2023-11-18T23:37:02ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-08-012315697810.3390/s23156978Strategies for Bacterial Eradication from Human and Animal Semen Samples: Current Options and Future AlternativesMichal Ďuračka0Filip Benko1Milan Chňapek2Eva Tvrdá3AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, SlovakiaInstitute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, SlovakiaInstitute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, SlovakiaInstitute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, SlovakiaThe primary role of semen processing and preservation is to maintain a high proportion of structurally and functionally competent and mature spermatozoa, that may be used for the purposes of artificial reproduction when needed, whilst minimizing any potential causes of sperm deterioration during ex vivo semen handling. Out of a multitude of variables determining the success of sperm preservation, bacterial contamination has been acknowledged with an increased interest because of its often unpredictable and complex effects on semen quality. Whilst antibiotics are usually the most straight-forward option to prevent the bacterial contamination of semen, antimicrobial resistance has become a serious threat requiring widespread attention. As such, besides discussing the consequences of bacteriospermia on the sperm vitality and the risks of antibiotic overuse in andrology, this paper summarizes the currently available evidence on alternative strategies to prevent bacterial contamination of semen prior to, during, and following sperm processing, selection, and preservation. Alternative antibacterial supplements are reviewed, and emphasis is given to modern methods of sperm selection that may be combined by the physical removal of bacteria prior to sperm preservation or by use in assisted reproductive technologies.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/15/6978bacteriospermiaantibioticssperm selection methodsalternatives |
| spellingShingle | Michal Ďuračka Filip Benko Milan Chňapek Eva Tvrdá Strategies for Bacterial Eradication from Human and Animal Semen Samples: Current Options and Future Alternatives Sensors bacteriospermia antibiotics sperm selection methods alternatives |
| title | Strategies for Bacterial Eradication from Human and Animal Semen Samples: Current Options and Future Alternatives |
| title_full | Strategies for Bacterial Eradication from Human and Animal Semen Samples: Current Options and Future Alternatives |
| title_fullStr | Strategies for Bacterial Eradication from Human and Animal Semen Samples: Current Options and Future Alternatives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Strategies for Bacterial Eradication from Human and Animal Semen Samples: Current Options and Future Alternatives |
| title_short | Strategies for Bacterial Eradication from Human and Animal Semen Samples: Current Options and Future Alternatives |
| title_sort | strategies for bacterial eradication from human and animal semen samples current options and future alternatives |
| topic | bacteriospermia antibiotics sperm selection methods alternatives |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/15/6978 |
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