Acute aerobic exercise reveals that FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal-weight runners
Background Responses of the metabolome to acute aerobic exercise may predict maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and longer-term outcomes, including the development of diabetes and its complications.Methods Serum samples were collected from overweight/obese trained (OWT) and normal-weight trained (N...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Clinical investigation
2022-04-01
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| Series: | JCI Insight |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.158037 |
| _version_ | 1818549688015519744 |
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| author | Alisa B. Nelson Lisa S. Chow David B. Stagg Jacob R. Gillingham Michael D. Evans Meixia Pan Curtis C. Hughey Chad L. Myers Xianlin Han Peter A. Crawford Patrycja Puchalska |
| author_facet | Alisa B. Nelson Lisa S. Chow David B. Stagg Jacob R. Gillingham Michael D. Evans Meixia Pan Curtis C. Hughey Chad L. Myers Xianlin Han Peter A. Crawford Patrycja Puchalska |
| author_sort | Alisa B. Nelson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Responses of the metabolome to acute aerobic exercise may predict maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and longer-term outcomes, including the development of diabetes and its complications.Methods Serum samples were collected from overweight/obese trained (OWT) and normal-weight trained (NWT) runners prior to and immediately after a supervised 90-minute treadmill run at 60% VO2max (NWT = 14, OWT = 11) in a cross-sectional study. We applied a liquid chromatography high-resolution–mass spectrometry–based untargeted metabolomics platform to evaluate the effect of acute aerobic exercise on the serum metabolome.Results NWT and OWT metabolic profiles shared increased circulating acylcarnitines and free fatty acids (FFAs) with exercise, while intermediates of adenine metabolism, inosine, and hypoxanthine were strongly correlated with body fat percentage and VO2max. Untargeted metabolomics-guided follow-up quantitative lipidomic analysis revealed that baseline levels of fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) were generally diminished in the OWT group. FAHFAs negatively correlated with visceral fat mass and HOMA-IR. Strikingly, a 4-fold decrease in FAHFAs was provoked by acute aerobic running in NWT participants, an effect that negatively correlated with circulating IL-6; these effects were not observed in the OWT group. Machine learning models based on a preexercise metabolite profile that included FAHFAs, FFAs, and adenine intermediates predicted VO2max.Conclusion These findings in overweight human participants and healthy controls indicate that exercise-provoked changes in FAHFAs distinguish normal-weight from overweight participants and could predict VO2max. These results support the notion that FAHFAs could modulate the inflammatory response, fuel utilization, and insulin resistance.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02150889.Funding NIH DK091538, AG069781, DK098203, TR000114, UL1TR002494. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T08:36:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-09d2f486133740c39628e0611a0437d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-3708 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T08:36:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Clinical investigation |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JCI Insight |
| spelling | doaj.art-09d2f486133740c39628e0611a0437d62022-12-22T00:30:54ZengAmerican Society for Clinical investigationJCI Insight2379-37082022-04-0177Acute aerobic exercise reveals that FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal-weight runnersAlisa B. NelsonLisa S. ChowDavid B. StaggJacob R. GillinghamMichael D. EvansMeixia PanCurtis C. HugheyChad L. MyersXianlin HanPeter A. CrawfordPatrycja PuchalskaBackground Responses of the metabolome to acute aerobic exercise may predict maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and longer-term outcomes, including the development of diabetes and its complications.Methods Serum samples were collected from overweight/obese trained (OWT) and normal-weight trained (NWT) runners prior to and immediately after a supervised 90-minute treadmill run at 60% VO2max (NWT = 14, OWT = 11) in a cross-sectional study. We applied a liquid chromatography high-resolution–mass spectrometry–based untargeted metabolomics platform to evaluate the effect of acute aerobic exercise on the serum metabolome.Results NWT and OWT metabolic profiles shared increased circulating acylcarnitines and free fatty acids (FFAs) with exercise, while intermediates of adenine metabolism, inosine, and hypoxanthine were strongly correlated with body fat percentage and VO2max. Untargeted metabolomics-guided follow-up quantitative lipidomic analysis revealed that baseline levels of fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) were generally diminished in the OWT group. FAHFAs negatively correlated with visceral fat mass and HOMA-IR. Strikingly, a 4-fold decrease in FAHFAs was provoked by acute aerobic running in NWT participants, an effect that negatively correlated with circulating IL-6; these effects were not observed in the OWT group. Machine learning models based on a preexercise metabolite profile that included FAHFAs, FFAs, and adenine intermediates predicted VO2max.Conclusion These findings in overweight human participants and healthy controls indicate that exercise-provoked changes in FAHFAs distinguish normal-weight from overweight participants and could predict VO2max. These results support the notion that FAHFAs could modulate the inflammatory response, fuel utilization, and insulin resistance.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02150889.Funding NIH DK091538, AG069781, DK098203, TR000114, UL1TR002494.https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.158037Metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Alisa B. Nelson Lisa S. Chow David B. Stagg Jacob R. Gillingham Michael D. Evans Meixia Pan Curtis C. Hughey Chad L. Myers Xianlin Han Peter A. Crawford Patrycja Puchalska Acute aerobic exercise reveals that FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal-weight runners JCI Insight Metabolism |
| title | Acute aerobic exercise reveals that FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal-weight runners |
| title_full | Acute aerobic exercise reveals that FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal-weight runners |
| title_fullStr | Acute aerobic exercise reveals that FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal-weight runners |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute aerobic exercise reveals that FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal-weight runners |
| title_short | Acute aerobic exercise reveals that FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal-weight runners |
| title_sort | acute aerobic exercise reveals that fahfas distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal weight runners |
| topic | Metabolism |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.158037 |
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