Automatic Information Exchange in the Early Rescue Chain Using the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN)
Thus far, emergency calls are answered by human operators who interview the calling person in order to obtain all relevant information. In the near future—based on the Internet of (Medical) Things (IoT, IoMT)—accidents, emergencies, or adverse health events will be reported automatically by smart ho...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/8/996 |
| _version_ | 1797523679934939136 |
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| author | Mostafa Haghi Ramon Barakat Nicolai Spicher Christian Heinrich Justin Jageniak Gamze Söylev Öktem Maike Krips Ju Wang Siegfried Hackel Thomas M. Deserno |
| author_facet | Mostafa Haghi Ramon Barakat Nicolai Spicher Christian Heinrich Justin Jageniak Gamze Söylev Öktem Maike Krips Ju Wang Siegfried Hackel Thomas M. Deserno |
| author_sort | Mostafa Haghi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thus far, emergency calls are answered by human operators who interview the calling person in order to obtain all relevant information. In the near future—based on the Internet of (Medical) Things (IoT, IoMT)—accidents, emergencies, or adverse health events will be reported automatically by smart homes, smart vehicles, or smart wearables, without any human in the loop. Several parties are involved in this communication: the alerting system, the rescue service (responding system), and the emergency department in the hospital (curing system). In many countries, these parties use isolated information and communication technology (ICT) systems. Previously, the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) has been proposed to securely link the data in these systems. In this work, we propose an ISAN-based communication platform that allows semantically interoperable information exchange. Our aims are threefold: (i) to enable data exchange between the isolated systems, (ii) to avoid data misinterpretation, and (iii) to integrate additional data sources. The suggested platform is composed of an alerting, responding, and curing system manager, a workflow manager, and a communication manager. First, the ICT systems of all parties in the early rescue chain register with their according system manager, which tracks the keep-alive. In case of emergency, the alerting system sends an ISAN to the platform. The responsible rescue services and hospitals are determined and interconnected for platform-based communication. Next to the conceptual design of the platform, we evaluate a proof-of-concept implementation according to (1) the registration, (2) channel establishment, (3) data encryption, (4) event alert, and (5) information exchange. Our concept meets the requirements for scalability, error handling, and information security. In the future, it will be used to implement a virtual accident registry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:46:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-09daff454fc445ba86af93e391393fb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:46:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-09daff454fc445ba86af93e391393fb02023-11-22T07:49:21ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322021-08-019899610.3390/healthcare9080996Automatic Information Exchange in the Early Rescue Chain Using the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN)Mostafa Haghi0Ramon Barakat1Nicolai Spicher2Christian Heinrich3Justin Jageniak4Gamze Söylev Öktem5Maike Krips6Ju Wang7Siegfried Hackel8Thomas M. Deserno9Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyPeter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyPeter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyPeter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt PTB, National Metrology Institute of Germany, 38116 Braunschweig, GermanyPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt PTB, National Metrology Institute of Germany, 38116 Braunschweig, GermanyPeter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyPeter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt PTB, National Metrology Institute of Germany, 38116 Braunschweig, GermanyPeter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyThus far, emergency calls are answered by human operators who interview the calling person in order to obtain all relevant information. In the near future—based on the Internet of (Medical) Things (IoT, IoMT)—accidents, emergencies, or adverse health events will be reported automatically by smart homes, smart vehicles, or smart wearables, without any human in the loop. Several parties are involved in this communication: the alerting system, the rescue service (responding system), and the emergency department in the hospital (curing system). In many countries, these parties use isolated information and communication technology (ICT) systems. Previously, the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) has been proposed to securely link the data in these systems. In this work, we propose an ISAN-based communication platform that allows semantically interoperable information exchange. Our aims are threefold: (i) to enable data exchange between the isolated systems, (ii) to avoid data misinterpretation, and (iii) to integrate additional data sources. The suggested platform is composed of an alerting, responding, and curing system manager, a workflow manager, and a communication manager. First, the ICT systems of all parties in the early rescue chain register with their according system manager, which tracks the keep-alive. In case of emergency, the alerting system sends an ISAN to the platform. The responsible rescue services and hospitals are determined and interconnected for platform-based communication. Next to the conceptual design of the platform, we evaluate a proof-of-concept implementation according to (1) the registration, (2) channel establishment, (3) data encryption, (4) event alert, and (5) information exchange. Our concept meets the requirements for scalability, error handling, and information security. In the future, it will be used to implement a virtual accident registry.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/8/996accident and emergency informaticsemergency platformIoTIoMTsystem designframework |
| spellingShingle | Mostafa Haghi Ramon Barakat Nicolai Spicher Christian Heinrich Justin Jageniak Gamze Söylev Öktem Maike Krips Ju Wang Siegfried Hackel Thomas M. Deserno Automatic Information Exchange in the Early Rescue Chain Using the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) Healthcare accident and emergency informatics emergency platform IoT IoMT system design framework |
| title | Automatic Information Exchange in the Early Rescue Chain Using the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) |
| title_full | Automatic Information Exchange in the Early Rescue Chain Using the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) |
| title_fullStr | Automatic Information Exchange in the Early Rescue Chain Using the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Automatic Information Exchange in the Early Rescue Chain Using the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) |
| title_short | Automatic Information Exchange in the Early Rescue Chain Using the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) |
| title_sort | automatic information exchange in the early rescue chain using the international standard accident number isan |
| topic | accident and emergency informatics emergency platform IoT IoMT system design framework |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/8/996 |
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