Evaluation and Optimization of a Two-Phase Liquid-Immersion Cooling System for Data Centers
An efficient cooling system for data centers can boost the working efficiency of servers and promote energy savings. In this study, a laboratory experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation were performed to explore the performance of a two-phase cooling system. The coefficient of pe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1395 |
| _version_ | 1827603588813160448 |
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| author | Cheng Liu Hang Yu |
| author_facet | Cheng Liu Hang Yu |
| author_sort | Cheng Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An efficient cooling system for data centers can boost the working efficiency of servers and promote energy savings. In this study, a laboratory experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation were performed to explore the performance of a two-phase cooling system. The coefficient of performance (COP) and partial power usage effectiveness (pPUE) of the proposed system was evaluated under various IT (Information Technology) loads. The relationship between the interval of the two submerged servers and their surface temperatures was evaluated by CFD analysis, and the minimum intervals that could maintain the temperature of the server surfaces below 85 °C were obtained. Experimental results show that as server power increases, COP increases pPUE decreases. In one experiment, the COP increased from 19.0 to 26.7, whereas pPUE decreased from 1.053 to 1.037. The exergy efficiency of this system ranges from 12.65% to 18.96%, and the tank side accounts for most of the exergy destruction. The minimum intervals between servers are 15 mm under 1000 W of power, 20 mm under 1500 W, and more than 30 mm under 2000 W and above. The observations and conclusions in this study can be valuable references for the study of cooling systems in data centers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:43:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-09dd20fd6da044aea7c1e45f30769f81 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:43:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-09dd20fd6da044aea7c1e45f30769f812023-12-03T12:22:58ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-03-01145139510.3390/en14051395Evaluation and Optimization of a Two-Phase Liquid-Immersion Cooling System for Data CentersCheng Liu0Hang Yu1School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, ChinaAn efficient cooling system for data centers can boost the working efficiency of servers and promote energy savings. In this study, a laboratory experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation were performed to explore the performance of a two-phase cooling system. The coefficient of performance (COP) and partial power usage effectiveness (pPUE) of the proposed system was evaluated under various IT (Information Technology) loads. The relationship between the interval of the two submerged servers and their surface temperatures was evaluated by CFD analysis, and the minimum intervals that could maintain the temperature of the server surfaces below 85 °C were obtained. Experimental results show that as server power increases, COP increases pPUE decreases. In one experiment, the COP increased from 19.0 to 26.7, whereas pPUE decreased from 1.053 to 1.037. The exergy efficiency of this system ranges from 12.65% to 18.96%, and the tank side accounts for most of the exergy destruction. The minimum intervals between servers are 15 mm under 1000 W of power, 20 mm under 1500 W, and more than 30 mm under 2000 W and above. The observations and conclusions in this study can be valuable references for the study of cooling systems in data centers.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1395two-phase coolingdata centerCFDimmersionoptimization |
| spellingShingle | Cheng Liu Hang Yu Evaluation and Optimization of a Two-Phase Liquid-Immersion Cooling System for Data Centers Energies two-phase cooling data center CFD immersion optimization |
| title | Evaluation and Optimization of a Two-Phase Liquid-Immersion Cooling System for Data Centers |
| title_full | Evaluation and Optimization of a Two-Phase Liquid-Immersion Cooling System for Data Centers |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation and Optimization of a Two-Phase Liquid-Immersion Cooling System for Data Centers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation and Optimization of a Two-Phase Liquid-Immersion Cooling System for Data Centers |
| title_short | Evaluation and Optimization of a Two-Phase Liquid-Immersion Cooling System for Data Centers |
| title_sort | evaluation and optimization of a two phase liquid immersion cooling system for data centers |
| topic | two-phase cooling data center CFD immersion optimization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1395 |
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