Inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells
Bitter melon is widely used as a food and a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes; it also possesses antioxidant, anti-tumour, anti-bacterial, anti-obesity, and anti-hypertension activities. The aim of this work was to study the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of different sol...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2013-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464613002016 |
| _version_ | 1819060675638460416 |
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| author | Chin-Lin Hsu Song-Chwan Fang Cheng-Wei Liu Yi-Fan Chen |
| author_facet | Chin-Lin Hsu Song-Chwan Fang Cheng-Wei Liu Yi-Fan Chen |
| author_sort | Chin-Lin Hsu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bitter melon is widely used as a food and a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes; it also possesses antioxidant, anti-tumour, anti-bacterial, anti-obesity, and anti-hypertension activities. The aim of this work was to study the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of different solvent extracts of the seeds and fruits of new varieties of bitter melon. Of the 30 bitter melon extracts tested, the ethyl acetate extract of the fruit of Momordica charantia MDS72 (EAEF-MCMDS72) exhibited the strongest anti-inflammatory activity. EAEF-MCMDS72 significantly inhibited the production of NO, IL-6, PGE2, TNF-α, and MCP-1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The expression levels of the iNOS and COX-2 proteins in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were inhibited by EAEF-MCMDS72. Real-time RT-PCR analysis indicated that the mRNA expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, and TNF-α were suppressed by EAEF-MCMDS72. Moreover, four known triterpene compounds including (23E)-cucurbita-5,23,25-triene-3β,7β-diol (1), (23E)-25-methoxycucurbit-23-ene-3β,7β-diol (2), (23E)-5β,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol (3), and 3,7-dioxo-23,24,25,26,27-pentanorcucurbit-5-en-22-oic acid (4) were isolated from the fruit of M. charantia MDS72. Compounds 2, 3, 4 suppressed the LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, the present study may contribute to our understanding of the anti-inflammatory effects of EAEF-MCMDS72 and its triterpene compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:30:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-09ded0a7c7f34584b35b5ddfe91f7c71 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-4646 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:30:46Z |
| publishDate | 2013-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-09ded0a7c7f34584b35b5ddfe91f7c712022-12-21T19:00:29ZengElsevierJournal of Functional Foods1756-46462013-10-015418291837Inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cellsChin-Lin Hsu0Song-Chwan Fang1Cheng-Wei Liu2Yi-Fan Chen3School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Corresponding author at: School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan. Tel.: +886 4 24730022; fax: +886 4 23248175.Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, TaiwanDepartment of Post-Modern Agriculture, MingDao University, ChangHua 523, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, MingDao University, ChangHua 523, TaiwanSchool of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, TaiwanBitter melon is widely used as a food and a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes; it also possesses antioxidant, anti-tumour, anti-bacterial, anti-obesity, and anti-hypertension activities. The aim of this work was to study the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of different solvent extracts of the seeds and fruits of new varieties of bitter melon. Of the 30 bitter melon extracts tested, the ethyl acetate extract of the fruit of Momordica charantia MDS72 (EAEF-MCMDS72) exhibited the strongest anti-inflammatory activity. EAEF-MCMDS72 significantly inhibited the production of NO, IL-6, PGE2, TNF-α, and MCP-1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The expression levels of the iNOS and COX-2 proteins in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were inhibited by EAEF-MCMDS72. Real-time RT-PCR analysis indicated that the mRNA expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, and TNF-α were suppressed by EAEF-MCMDS72. Moreover, four known triterpene compounds including (23E)-cucurbita-5,23,25-triene-3β,7β-diol (1), (23E)-25-methoxycucurbit-23-ene-3β,7β-diol (2), (23E)-5β,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol (3), and 3,7-dioxo-23,24,25,26,27-pentanorcucurbit-5-en-22-oic acid (4) were isolated from the fruit of M. charantia MDS72. Compounds 2, 3, 4 suppressed the LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, the present study may contribute to our understanding of the anti-inflammatory effects of EAEF-MCMDS72 and its triterpene compounds.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464613002016Bitter melonAnti-inflammationRAW 264.7 cellLipopolysaccharideTriterpene |
| spellingShingle | Chin-Lin Hsu Song-Chwan Fang Cheng-Wei Liu Yi-Fan Chen Inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells Journal of Functional Foods Bitter melon Anti-inflammation RAW 264.7 cell Lipopolysaccharide Triterpene |
| title | Inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells |
| title_full | Inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells |
| title_fullStr | Inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells |
| title_short | Inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells |
| title_sort | inhibitory effects of new varieties of bitter melon on lipopolysaccharide stimulated inflammatory response in raw 264 7 cells |
| topic | Bitter melon Anti-inflammation RAW 264.7 cell Lipopolysaccharide Triterpene |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464613002016 |
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