A novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in Li-ion thermal abuse models
Numerical modeling of thermal runaway in Lithium-ion batteries has become a critical tool for designing safer battery systems. Significant progress has been made in developing kinetic mechanisms for decomposition reactions and including additional physics such as venting and combustion. However, the...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Power Sources Advances |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266624852300015X |
| _version_ | 1827866600684912640 |
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| author | Jason Ostanek Mohammad Parhizi Judith Jeevarajan |
| author_facet | Jason Ostanek Mohammad Parhizi Judith Jeevarajan |
| author_sort | Jason Ostanek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Numerical modeling of thermal runaway in Lithium-ion batteries has become a critical tool for designing safer battery systems. Significant progress has been made in developing kinetic mechanisms for decomposition reactions and including additional physics such as venting and combustion. However, the governing heat conduction equation and decomposition reaction equations become numerically stiff during thermal runaway, which limits the utility of thermal abuse models to low-dimensional formulations. The present work introduces a new solution strategy, which switches from the full, 3D transient heat conduction formulation to an adiabatic, 0D lumped body formulation only during the stiff portion of the simulation, i.e., only during thermal runaway. To test the new solver, a 3D thermal abuse model was configured to simulate an oven test of an 18650-format cell. The new solver was exercised for scenarios of varying degrees of stiffness, and the results were compared with a baseline solver using typical integration methods. For an extremely stiff scenario, computation speed was increased by a factor of 183x relative to the baseline solver, with little impact on solution accuracy, thus effectively alleviating the numerical stiffness issue. The new solution strategy addresses the poor scalability of high-dimensional models, such as 3D-CFD-based thermal abuse models, and improves their practicality for industrial use. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:07:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a0f8ac54fdb4d8c94183ce68cfcc2e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-2485 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:07:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Power Sources Advances |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a0f8ac54fdb4d8c94183ce68cfcc2e92023-08-12T04:34:51ZengElsevierJournal of Power Sources Advances2666-24852023-08-0123100123A novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in Li-ion thermal abuse modelsJason Ostanek0Mohammad Parhizi1Judith Jeevarajan2School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, 401 N. Grant St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Corresponding author.Electrochemical Safety Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, 5000 Gulf Fwy, UHTB, Houston, TX, 77204, USAElectrochemical Safety Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, 5000 Gulf Fwy, UHTB, Houston, TX, 77204, USANumerical modeling of thermal runaway in Lithium-ion batteries has become a critical tool for designing safer battery systems. Significant progress has been made in developing kinetic mechanisms for decomposition reactions and including additional physics such as venting and combustion. However, the governing heat conduction equation and decomposition reaction equations become numerically stiff during thermal runaway, which limits the utility of thermal abuse models to low-dimensional formulations. The present work introduces a new solution strategy, which switches from the full, 3D transient heat conduction formulation to an adiabatic, 0D lumped body formulation only during the stiff portion of the simulation, i.e., only during thermal runaway. To test the new solver, a 3D thermal abuse model was configured to simulate an oven test of an 18650-format cell. The new solver was exercised for scenarios of varying degrees of stiffness, and the results were compared with a baseline solver using typical integration methods. For an extremely stiff scenario, computation speed was increased by a factor of 183x relative to the baseline solver, with little impact on solution accuracy, thus effectively alleviating the numerical stiffness issue. The new solution strategy addresses the poor scalability of high-dimensional models, such as 3D-CFD-based thermal abuse models, and improves their practicality for industrial use.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266624852300015XLi-ion cellsNumerical simulationThermal runaway |
| spellingShingle | Jason Ostanek Mohammad Parhizi Judith Jeevarajan A novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in Li-ion thermal abuse models Journal of Power Sources Advances Li-ion cells Numerical simulation Thermal runaway |
| title | A novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in Li-ion thermal abuse models |
| title_full | A novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in Li-ion thermal abuse models |
| title_fullStr | A novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in Li-ion thermal abuse models |
| title_full_unstemmed | A novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in Li-ion thermal abuse models |
| title_short | A novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in Li-ion thermal abuse models |
| title_sort | novel method for alleviating numerical stiffness in li ion thermal abuse models |
| topic | Li-ion cells Numerical simulation Thermal runaway |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266624852300015X |
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