Circular economy-based multi-objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plant
Introduction: Water scarcity and water pollution are two major issues in India. Circular economy-based wastewater treatment technology provides the most sustainable solutions for solving these issues. In this paper, a novel multi-objective decentralized controller (MODC) is proposed for benchmarking...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Chemical Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fceng.2023.1235125/full |
| _version_ | 1797668218990493696 |
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| author | Sutha Subbian Pappa Natarajan Chitra Murugan |
| author_facet | Sutha Subbian Pappa Natarajan Chitra Murugan |
| author_sort | Sutha Subbian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Water scarcity and water pollution are two major issues in India. Circular economy-based wastewater treatment technology provides the most sustainable solutions for solving these issues. In this paper, a novel multi-objective decentralized controller (MODC) is proposed for benchmarking a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to achieve maximum effluent quality with minimum cost. WWTPs with conventional control schemes consume more energy to achieve the desired effluent quality.Methods: In this study, a MIMO model is developed for the activated sludge process (ASP) from a physics-based model, and relative gain array (RGA) analysis are carried out to determine the interaction between the loops to identify a suitable control scheme for the MIMO process. In addition, a multi-objective decentralized control problem is formulated to achieve the conflicting multiple objectives of improving effluent quality and minimizing operational costs by efficient usage of energy.Results and discussion: The desired quality and cost reduction are verified by comparing the integral square error (ISE) and control effort (CE) values of a closed-loop WWTP. A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA), namely, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA)-II, successfully solves the multi-objective control problem. NSGA-II provides several optimal solutions in the Pareto front. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed controller, three optimal solutions are selected from the Pareto-optimal front, and their closed-loop performances are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively for both servo and regulatory operations. Improving the quality of effluent enhances active sludge production, which in turn increases the methane production in the anaerobic digester. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T20:24:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a285224cec949c785cbe98015514698 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-2718 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T20:24:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Chemical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a285224cec949c785cbe980155146982023-10-02T14:51:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemical Engineering2673-27182023-10-01510.3389/fceng.2023.12351251235125Circular economy-based multi-objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plantSutha Subbian0Pappa Natarajan1Chitra Murugan2Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Instrumentation Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, IndiaBioprocess Laboratory, Department of Instrumentation Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, IndiaRajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Chennai, IndiaIntroduction: Water scarcity and water pollution are two major issues in India. Circular economy-based wastewater treatment technology provides the most sustainable solutions for solving these issues. In this paper, a novel multi-objective decentralized controller (MODC) is proposed for benchmarking a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to achieve maximum effluent quality with minimum cost. WWTPs with conventional control schemes consume more energy to achieve the desired effluent quality.Methods: In this study, a MIMO model is developed for the activated sludge process (ASP) from a physics-based model, and relative gain array (RGA) analysis are carried out to determine the interaction between the loops to identify a suitable control scheme for the MIMO process. In addition, a multi-objective decentralized control problem is formulated to achieve the conflicting multiple objectives of improving effluent quality and minimizing operational costs by efficient usage of energy.Results and discussion: The desired quality and cost reduction are verified by comparing the integral square error (ISE) and control effort (CE) values of a closed-loop WWTP. A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA), namely, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA)-II, successfully solves the multi-objective control problem. NSGA-II provides several optimal solutions in the Pareto front. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed controller, three optimal solutions are selected from the Pareto-optimal front, and their closed-loop performances are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively for both servo and regulatory operations. Improving the quality of effluent enhances active sludge production, which in turn increases the methane production in the anaerobic digester.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fceng.2023.1235125/fullcircular economyactivated sludge processMODCWWTPMIMOMOEA |
| spellingShingle | Sutha Subbian Pappa Natarajan Chitra Murugan Circular economy-based multi-objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plant Frontiers in Chemical Engineering circular economy activated sludge process MODC WWTP MIMO MOEA |
| title | Circular economy-based multi-objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plant |
| title_full | Circular economy-based multi-objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plant |
| title_fullStr | Circular economy-based multi-objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Circular economy-based multi-objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plant |
| title_short | Circular economy-based multi-objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plant |
| title_sort | circular economy based multi objective decentralized controller for activated sludge wastewater treatment plant |
| topic | circular economy activated sludge process MODC WWTP MIMO MOEA |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fceng.2023.1235125/full |
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