Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and future
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a significant human pathogen, especially in children. EV-A71 infection is one of the leading causes of hand, foot, and mouth diseases (HFMD), and can lead to neurological complications such as acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) in severe cases. Although three EV-A71 vaccines ar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211383521003075 |
| _version_ | 1818060968318468096 |
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| author | Jun Wang Yanmei Hu Madeleine Zheng |
| author_facet | Jun Wang Yanmei Hu Madeleine Zheng |
| author_sort | Jun Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a significant human pathogen, especially in children. EV-A71 infection is one of the leading causes of hand, foot, and mouth diseases (HFMD), and can lead to neurological complications such as acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) in severe cases. Although three EV-A71 vaccines are available in China, they are not broadly protective and have reduced efficacy against emerging strains. There is currently no approved antiviral for EV-A71. Significant progress has been made in developing antivirals against EV-A71 by targeting both viral proteins and host factors. However, viral capsid inhibitors and protease inhibitors failed in clinical trials of human rhinovirus infection due to limited efficacy or side effects. This review discusses major discoveries in EV-A71 antiviral development, analyzes the advantages and limitations of each drug target, and highlights the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to advance the field forward. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:40:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a31de0ed8a346b8ab8c026a2a39cc07 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-3835 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:40:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a31de0ed8a346b8ab8c026a2a39cc072022-12-22T01:46:42ZengElsevierActa Pharmaceutica Sinica B2211-38352022-04-0112415421566Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and futureJun Wang0Yanmei Hu1Madeleine Zheng2Corresponding author.; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAEnterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a significant human pathogen, especially in children. EV-A71 infection is one of the leading causes of hand, foot, and mouth diseases (HFMD), and can lead to neurological complications such as acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) in severe cases. Although three EV-A71 vaccines are available in China, they are not broadly protective and have reduced efficacy against emerging strains. There is currently no approved antiviral for EV-A71. Significant progress has been made in developing antivirals against EV-A71 by targeting both viral proteins and host factors. However, viral capsid inhibitors and protease inhibitors failed in clinical trials of human rhinovirus infection due to limited efficacy or side effects. This review discusses major discoveries in EV-A71 antiviral development, analyzes the advantages and limitations of each drug target, and highlights the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to advance the field forward.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211383521003075Enterovirus A71EV-A71AntiviralsAcute flaccid myelitisHandFoot and mouth disease (HFMD) |
| spellingShingle | Jun Wang Yanmei Hu Madeleine Zheng Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and future Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B Enterovirus A71 EV-A71 Antivirals Acute flaccid myelitis Hand Foot and mouth disease (HFMD) |
| title | Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and future |
| title_full | Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and future |
| title_fullStr | Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and future |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and future |
| title_short | Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and future |
| title_sort | enterovirus a71 antivirals past present and future |
| topic | Enterovirus A71 EV-A71 Antivirals Acute flaccid myelitis Hand Foot and mouth disease (HFMD) |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211383521003075 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT junwang enterovirusa71antiviralspastpresentandfuture AT yanmeihu enterovirusa71antiviralspastpresentandfuture AT madeleinezheng enterovirusa71antiviralspastpresentandfuture |