Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine how maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and offspring birth-weight can affect the postnatal development of offspring under farm conditions, which may lead to consequences in its meat and carcass quality. The current study involved a tot...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2018-03-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40104-018-0240-6 |
| _version_ | 1828384292749705216 |
|---|---|
| author | M. Vázquez-Gómez C. García-Contreras L. Torres-Rovira S. Astiz C. Óvilo A. González-Bulnes B. Isabel |
| author_facet | M. Vázquez-Gómez C. García-Contreras L. Torres-Rovira S. Astiz C. Óvilo A. González-Bulnes B. Isabel |
| author_sort | M. Vázquez-Gómez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine how maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and offspring birth-weight can affect the postnatal development of offspring under farm conditions, which may lead to consequences in its meat and carcass quality. The current study involved a total of 80 litters from Iberian sows fed a diet fulfilling daily requirements (n = 47; control) or providing 70% daily requirements (n = 33; underfed) from d 38 to d 90 of gestation when fetal tissue development begins. After birth, piglets born live were classified as low birth-weight (LBW; < 1 kg) and normal birth-weight (NBW; ≥1 kg). During the growing phase, 240 control and 230 underfed pigs (50% males and females) distributed by BW category and sex were studied until the slaughter. Results At birth and weaning, there were significant differences in all morphological measures and weight between NBW and LBW piglets as expected (P < 0.0005), but few effects of the gestational feed restriction. During the growing phase, NBW pigs continued with higher weight than LBW pigs on all the days of evaluation (P < 0.05), even though control-LBW-females and LBW-males showed a catch-up growth. However, underfed pigs showed slower growth and higher feed conversion ratio than control pigs (P < 0.0001) at 215 days old. Moreover, the average daily weight gain (ADWG) for the overall period was greater for NBW, male and control pigs than for their LBW, female and underfed pigs (P < 0.0001, P< 0.0005 and P< 0.05, respectively) and NBW pigs were slaughtered at a younger age than LBW pigs (P < 0.0001). After slaughtering, control pigs also had higher carcass yield and backfat depth than underfed pigs (P < 0.0005) and the maternal nutritional effect caused main changes in the polar lipid fraction of liver and loin. The fatty acid composition of loin in control pigs had higher C18:1n-9 and n-3 FA concentrations, as well as lower ∑n-6/∑n-3 ratio, than in underfed pigs (P < 0.005). Conclusions In brief, results showed that the effects of maternal nutritional restriction appeared and increased with offspring age, causing worse developmental patterns for underfed pigs than for control pigs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:01:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a3b1595848e4477860a0e89b1b49b5b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-1891 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:01:25Z |
| publishDate | 2018-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a3b1595848e4477860a0e89b1b49b5b2022-12-22T02:01:23ZengBMCJournal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2049-18912018-03-019111510.1186/s40104-018-0240-6Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breedsM. Vázquez-Gómez0C. García-Contreras1L. Torres-Rovira2S. Astiz3C. Óvilo4A. González-Bulnes5B. Isabel6Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCMINIAINIAINIAINIAINIAFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCMAbstract Background The aim of this study was to determine how maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and offspring birth-weight can affect the postnatal development of offspring under farm conditions, which may lead to consequences in its meat and carcass quality. The current study involved a total of 80 litters from Iberian sows fed a diet fulfilling daily requirements (n = 47; control) or providing 70% daily requirements (n = 33; underfed) from d 38 to d 90 of gestation when fetal tissue development begins. After birth, piglets born live were classified as low birth-weight (LBW; < 1 kg) and normal birth-weight (NBW; ≥1 kg). During the growing phase, 240 control and 230 underfed pigs (50% males and females) distributed by BW category and sex were studied until the slaughter. Results At birth and weaning, there were significant differences in all morphological measures and weight between NBW and LBW piglets as expected (P < 0.0005), but few effects of the gestational feed restriction. During the growing phase, NBW pigs continued with higher weight than LBW pigs on all the days of evaluation (P < 0.05), even though control-LBW-females and LBW-males showed a catch-up growth. However, underfed pigs showed slower growth and higher feed conversion ratio than control pigs (P < 0.0001) at 215 days old. Moreover, the average daily weight gain (ADWG) for the overall period was greater for NBW, male and control pigs than for their LBW, female and underfed pigs (P < 0.0001, P< 0.0005 and P< 0.05, respectively) and NBW pigs were slaughtered at a younger age than LBW pigs (P < 0.0001). After slaughtering, control pigs also had higher carcass yield and backfat depth than underfed pigs (P < 0.0005) and the maternal nutritional effect caused main changes in the polar lipid fraction of liver and loin. The fatty acid composition of loin in control pigs had higher C18:1n-9 and n-3 FA concentrations, as well as lower ∑n-6/∑n-3 ratio, than in underfed pigs (P < 0.005). Conclusions In brief, results showed that the effects of maternal nutritional restriction appeared and increased with offspring age, causing worse developmental patterns for underfed pigs than for control pigs.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40104-018-0240-6Carcass qualityFatty acidsFeed restrictionGrowthIberian pigsLow birth-weight |
| spellingShingle | M. Vázquez-Gómez C. García-Contreras L. Torres-Rovira S. Astiz C. Óvilo A. González-Bulnes B. Isabel Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology Carcass quality Fatty acids Feed restriction Growth Iberian pigs Low birth-weight |
| title | Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds |
| title_full | Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds |
| title_fullStr | Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds |
| title_short | Maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth-weight, postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds |
| title_sort | maternal undernutrition and offspring sex determine birth weight postnatal development and meat characteristics in traditional swine breeds |
| topic | Carcass quality Fatty acids Feed restriction Growth Iberian pigs Low birth-weight |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40104-018-0240-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mvazquezgomez maternalundernutritionandoffspringsexdeterminebirthweightpostnataldevelopmentandmeatcharacteristicsintraditionalswinebreeds AT cgarciacontreras maternalundernutritionandoffspringsexdeterminebirthweightpostnataldevelopmentandmeatcharacteristicsintraditionalswinebreeds AT ltorresrovira maternalundernutritionandoffspringsexdeterminebirthweightpostnataldevelopmentandmeatcharacteristicsintraditionalswinebreeds AT sastiz maternalundernutritionandoffspringsexdeterminebirthweightpostnataldevelopmentandmeatcharacteristicsintraditionalswinebreeds AT covilo maternalundernutritionandoffspringsexdeterminebirthweightpostnataldevelopmentandmeatcharacteristicsintraditionalswinebreeds AT agonzalezbulnes maternalundernutritionandoffspringsexdeterminebirthweightpostnataldevelopmentandmeatcharacteristicsintraditionalswinebreeds AT bisabel maternalundernutritionandoffspringsexdeterminebirthweightpostnataldevelopmentandmeatcharacteristicsintraditionalswinebreeds |