Gastric troubles in Iran: The role of social and economic factors in Helicobacter pylori infection
Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is a major risk factor for gastric cancer in Iran, but the impact of socioeconomic factors on its prevalence is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequalities and risk factors associated with H. pylori infection in Iran. Methods...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Health Promotion Perspectives |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hpp.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/hpp-13-120.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797673285430804480 |
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| author | Hamed Zandian Telma Zahirian Moghadam Farhad Pourfarzi Reza Malekzadeh Satar Rezaei Sevda Ghorbani |
| author_facet | Hamed Zandian Telma Zahirian Moghadam Farhad Pourfarzi Reza Malekzadeh Satar Rezaei Sevda Ghorbani |
| author_sort | Hamed Zandian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is a major risk factor for gastric cancer in Iran, but the impact of socioeconomic factors on its prevalence is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequalities and risk factors associated with H. pylori infection in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the PERSIAN cohort study. A total of 20460 individuals aged 35 to 70 years in Ardabil, Iran were included in the study. H. pylori infection was determined based on stool tests and clinical records. Multilevel logistic regression models with random intercepts at household and community levels were used to identify risk factors associated with H. pylori prevalence. The concentration index (CIn) and concentration curve (CC) were employed to assess socioeconomic-related inequality. Results: In this study, 70.4% (CI 69.6–71.0) of the participants were infected with H. pylori, with a higher prevalence in women (71.2%) than men (69.6%). Age (OR: 1.37, CI: 1.17-1.61), sex (OR: 1.20, CI: 1.12-1.28), level of education (OR: 1.33, CI: 1.17-1.49), cardiac disease (OR: 1.32, CI:1.18-1.46), and BMI groups (OR: 2.49, CI: 1.11-5.58) were significantly associated with H. pylori infection based on the multivariable logistic regression. The results of the CIn and CC indicated that H. pylori were more prevalent among economically disadvantaged groups (CIn: -0.1065; [-0.1374 to -0.0755]). Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori in Iran is higher than in other developing countries, and significant socioeconomic inequality exists between the poor and the rich. To reduce the rate of gastric cancer, socio-economic and demographic factors, especially the poor and people with low levels of education, should be considered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:42:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a423ae8427d45b38f842d2b739acc58 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2228-6497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:42:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Tabriz University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health Promotion Perspectives |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a423ae8427d45b38f842d2b739acc582023-09-26T11:36:48ZengTabriz University of Medical SciencesHealth Promotion Perspectives2228-64972023-07-0113212012810.34172/hpp.2023.15hpp-41130Gastric troubles in Iran: The role of social and economic factors in Helicobacter pylori infectionHamed Zandian0Telma Zahirian Moghadam1Farhad Pourfarzi2Reza Malekzadeh3Satar Rezaei4Sevda Ghorbani5Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, UKSocial Determinants of Health Research center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranDigestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences School of Commerce, Tehran, IranResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IranDepartment of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranBackground: Helicobacter pylori infection is a major risk factor for gastric cancer in Iran, but the impact of socioeconomic factors on its prevalence is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequalities and risk factors associated with H. pylori infection in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the PERSIAN cohort study. A total of 20460 individuals aged 35 to 70 years in Ardabil, Iran were included in the study. H. pylori infection was determined based on stool tests and clinical records. Multilevel logistic regression models with random intercepts at household and community levels were used to identify risk factors associated with H. pylori prevalence. The concentration index (CIn) and concentration curve (CC) were employed to assess socioeconomic-related inequality. Results: In this study, 70.4% (CI 69.6–71.0) of the participants were infected with H. pylori, with a higher prevalence in women (71.2%) than men (69.6%). Age (OR: 1.37, CI: 1.17-1.61), sex (OR: 1.20, CI: 1.12-1.28), level of education (OR: 1.33, CI: 1.17-1.49), cardiac disease (OR: 1.32, CI:1.18-1.46), and BMI groups (OR: 2.49, CI: 1.11-5.58) were significantly associated with H. pylori infection based on the multivariable logistic regression. The results of the CIn and CC indicated that H. pylori were more prevalent among economically disadvantaged groups (CIn: -0.1065; [-0.1374 to -0.0755]). Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori in Iran is higher than in other developing countries, and significant socioeconomic inequality exists between the poor and the rich. To reduce the rate of gastric cancer, socio-economic and demographic factors, especially the poor and people with low levels of education, should be considered.https://hpp.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/hpp-13-120.pdfdisease prevalencehelicobacter infectionssocioeconomic factorsstomach neoplasms |
| spellingShingle | Hamed Zandian Telma Zahirian Moghadam Farhad Pourfarzi Reza Malekzadeh Satar Rezaei Sevda Ghorbani Gastric troubles in Iran: The role of social and economic factors in Helicobacter pylori infection Health Promotion Perspectives disease prevalence helicobacter infections socioeconomic factors stomach neoplasms |
| title | Gastric troubles in Iran: The role of social and economic factors in Helicobacter pylori infection |
| title_full | Gastric troubles in Iran: The role of social and economic factors in Helicobacter pylori infection |
| title_fullStr | Gastric troubles in Iran: The role of social and economic factors in Helicobacter pylori infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gastric troubles in Iran: The role of social and economic factors in Helicobacter pylori infection |
| title_short | Gastric troubles in Iran: The role of social and economic factors in Helicobacter pylori infection |
| title_sort | gastric troubles in iran the role of social and economic factors in helicobacter pylori infection |
| topic | disease prevalence helicobacter infections socioeconomic factors stomach neoplasms |
| url | https://hpp.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/hpp-13-120.pdf |
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