Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo
Severe biomass burning (BB) events have become increasingly common in South America in the last few years, mainly due to the high number of wildfires observed recently. Such incidents can negatively influence the air quality index associated with PM<sub>2.5</sub> (particulate matter, whi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/2/425 |
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| author | Gregori de Arruda Moreira Izabel da Silva Andrade Alexandre Cacheffo Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes Alexandre Calzavara Yoshida Antonio Arleques Gomes Jonatan João da Silva Eduardo Landulfo |
| author_facet | Gregori de Arruda Moreira Izabel da Silva Andrade Alexandre Cacheffo Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes Alexandre Calzavara Yoshida Antonio Arleques Gomes Jonatan João da Silva Eduardo Landulfo |
| author_sort | Gregori de Arruda Moreira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Severe biomass burning (BB) events have become increasingly common in South America in the last few years, mainly due to the high number of wildfires observed recently. Such incidents can negatively influence the air quality index associated with PM<sub>2.5</sub> (particulate matter, which is harmful to human health). A study performed in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) took place on selected days of July 2019, evaluated the influence of a BB event on air quality. Use of combined remote sensing, a surface monitoring system and data modeling and enabled detection of the BB plume arrival (light detection and ranging (lidar) ratio of (50 ± 34) sr at 532 nm, and (72 ± 45) sr at 355 nm) and how it affected the Ångström exponent (>1.3), atmospheric optical depth (>0.7), PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations (>25 µg.m<sup>−3</sup>), and air quality classification. The utilization of high-order statistical moments, obtained from elastic lidar, provided a new way to observe the entrainment process, allowing understanding of how a decoupled aerosol layer influences the local urban area. This new novel approach enables a lidar system to obtain the same results as a more complex set of instruments and verify how BB events contribute from air masses aloft towards near ground ones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:24:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a4faa95a93f4181b4f71af7e5b85840 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:24:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a4faa95a93f4181b4f71af7e5b858402023-12-03T12:37:36ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-01-0121242510.3390/s21020425Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São PauloGregori de Arruda Moreira0Izabel da Silva Andrade1Alexandre Cacheffo2Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes3Alexandre Calzavara Yoshida4Antonio Arleques Gomes5Jonatan João da Silva6Eduardo Landulfo7Federal Institute of São Paulo (IFSP), Campus Registro, São Paulo 11900-000, BrazilCenter for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilCenter for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilCenter for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilCenter for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilCenter for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilCenter for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilCenter for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), São Paulo 05508-000, BrazilSevere biomass burning (BB) events have become increasingly common in South America in the last few years, mainly due to the high number of wildfires observed recently. Such incidents can negatively influence the air quality index associated with PM<sub>2.5</sub> (particulate matter, which is harmful to human health). A study performed in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) took place on selected days of July 2019, evaluated the influence of a BB event on air quality. Use of combined remote sensing, a surface monitoring system and data modeling and enabled detection of the BB plume arrival (light detection and ranging (lidar) ratio of (50 ± 34) sr at 532 nm, and (72 ± 45) sr at 355 nm) and how it affected the Ångström exponent (>1.3), atmospheric optical depth (>0.7), PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations (>25 µg.m<sup>−3</sup>), and air quality classification. The utilization of high-order statistical moments, obtained from elastic lidar, provided a new way to observe the entrainment process, allowing understanding of how a decoupled aerosol layer influences the local urban area. This new novel approach enables a lidar system to obtain the same results as a more complex set of instruments and verify how BB events contribute from air masses aloft towards near ground ones.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/2/425particulate matterair qualityremote sensinghigh order statistical momentswildfires |
| spellingShingle | Gregori de Arruda Moreira Izabel da Silva Andrade Alexandre Cacheffo Fábio Juliano da Silva Lopes Alexandre Calzavara Yoshida Antonio Arleques Gomes Jonatan João da Silva Eduardo Landulfo Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo Sensors particulate matter air quality remote sensing high order statistical moments wildfires |
| title | Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo |
| title_full | Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo |
| title_fullStr | Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo |
| title_short | Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo |
| title_sort | influence of a biomass burning event in pm sub 2 5 sub concentration and air quality a case study in the metropolitan area of sao paulo |
| topic | particulate matter air quality remote sensing high order statistical moments wildfires |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/2/425 |
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