Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>)
Natural and synthetic astaxanthin can promote pigmentation in fish. In this study, the effects of dietary astaxanthin on growth and pigmentation were evaluated in leopard coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>). Fish were assigned to three groups: 0% astaxanthin (C), 0.02% natural a...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/7/1252 |
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| author | Junpeng Zhang Changxu Tian Kecheng Zhu Yong Liu Can Zhao Mouyan Jiang Chunhua Zhu Guangli Li |
| author_facet | Junpeng Zhang Changxu Tian Kecheng Zhu Yong Liu Can Zhao Mouyan Jiang Chunhua Zhu Guangli Li |
| author_sort | Junpeng Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Natural and synthetic astaxanthin can promote pigmentation in fish. In this study, the effects of dietary astaxanthin on growth and pigmentation were evaluated in leopard coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>). Fish were assigned to three groups: 0% astaxanthin (C), 0.02% natural astaxanthin (HP), and 0.02% synthetic astaxanthin (AS). Brightness (<i>L</i>*) was not influenced by astaxanthin. However, redness (<i>a</i>*) and yellowness (<i>b</i>*) were significantly higher for fish fed astaxanthin-containing diets than fish fed control diets and were significantly higher in the HP group than in the AS group. In a transcriptome analysis, 466, 33, and 32 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between C and HP, C and AS, and AS and HP, including various pigmentation-related genes. DEGs were enriched for carotenoid deposition and other pathways related to skin color. A metabolome analysis revealed 377, 249, and 179 differential metabolites (DMs) between C and HP, C and AS, and AS and HP, respectively. In conclusion, natural astaxanthin has a better coloration effect on <i>P. leopardus</i>, which is more suitable as a red colorant in aquaculture. These results improve our understanding of the effects of natural and synthetic astaxanthin on red color formation in fish. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:43:27Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:43:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-0a540924e4b84452844413c861447dfa2023-11-17T16:14:52ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-04-01137125210.3390/ani13071252Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>)Junpeng Zhang0Changxu Tian1Kecheng Zhu2Yong Liu3Can Zhao4Mouyan Jiang5Chunhua Zhu6Guangli Li7Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaFisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaKey Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, ChinaFisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaFisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaFisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaFisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaFisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaNatural and synthetic astaxanthin can promote pigmentation in fish. In this study, the effects of dietary astaxanthin on growth and pigmentation were evaluated in leopard coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>). Fish were assigned to three groups: 0% astaxanthin (C), 0.02% natural astaxanthin (HP), and 0.02% synthetic astaxanthin (AS). Brightness (<i>L</i>*) was not influenced by astaxanthin. However, redness (<i>a</i>*) and yellowness (<i>b</i>*) were significantly higher for fish fed astaxanthin-containing diets than fish fed control diets and were significantly higher in the HP group than in the AS group. In a transcriptome analysis, 466, 33, and 32 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between C and HP, C and AS, and AS and HP, including various pigmentation-related genes. DEGs were enriched for carotenoid deposition and other pathways related to skin color. A metabolome analysis revealed 377, 249, and 179 differential metabolites (DMs) between C and HP, C and AS, and AS and HP, respectively. In conclusion, natural astaxanthin has a better coloration effect on <i>P. leopardus</i>, which is more suitable as a red colorant in aquaculture. These results improve our understanding of the effects of natural and synthetic astaxanthin on red color formation in fish.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/7/1252<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>astaxanthincolorationtranscriptomemetabolome |
| spellingShingle | Junpeng Zhang Changxu Tian Kecheng Zhu Yong Liu Can Zhao Mouyan Jiang Chunhua Zhu Guangli Li Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>) Animals <i>Plectropomus leopardus</i> astaxanthin coloration transcriptome metabolome |
| title | Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>) |
| title_full | Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>) |
| title_short | Effects of Natural and Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, and Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiles in the Leopard Coralgrouper (<i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>) |
| title_sort | effects of natural and synthetic astaxanthin on growth body color and transcriptome and metabolome profiles in the leopard coralgrouper i plectropomus leopardus i |
| topic | <i>Plectropomus leopardus</i> astaxanthin coloration transcriptome metabolome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/7/1252 |
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