NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical Origin
Bulgaria and North Macedonia have a long history of the production and use of honey; however, there is an obvious lack of systematic and in-depth research on honey from both countries. The oak honeydew honey is of particular interest, as it is highly valued by consumers because of its health benefit...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/20/4687 |
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| author | Dessislava Gerginova Svetlana Simova Milena Popova Marina Stefova Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva Vassya Bankova |
| author_facet | Dessislava Gerginova Svetlana Simova Milena Popova Marina Stefova Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva Vassya Bankova |
| author_sort | Dessislava Gerginova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bulgaria and North Macedonia have a long history of the production and use of honey; however, there is an obvious lack of systematic and in-depth research on honey from both countries. The oak honeydew honey is of particular interest, as it is highly valued by consumers because of its health benefits. The aim of this study was to characterize honeydew and floral honeys from Bulgaria and North Macedonia based on their NMR profiles. The 1D and 2D <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR spectra were measured of 16 North Macedonian and 22 Bulgarian honey samples. A total of 25 individual substances were identified, including quinovose, which was found for the first time in honey. Chemometric methods (PCA—principal component analysis, PLS-DA—partial least squares discriminant analysis, ANOVA—analysis of variance) were used to detect similarities and differences between samples, as well as to determine their botanical and geographical origin. Semiquantitative data on individual sugars and some other constituents were obtained, which allowed for the reliable classification of honey samples by botanical and geographical origin, based on chemometric approaches. The results enabled us to distinguish oak honeydew honey from other honey types, and to determine the country of origin. NMR was a rapid and convenient method, avoiding the need for other more time-consuming analytical techniques. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:39:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a55006386784178a3c392ec831b8bc6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:39:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a55006386784178a3c392ec831b8bc62023-11-20T16:58:58ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-10-012520468710.3390/molecules25204687NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical OriginDessislava Gerginova0Svetlana Simova1Milena Popova2Marina Stefova3Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva4Vassya Bankova5Bulgarian NMR Centre, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaBulgarian NMR Centre, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaLaboratory Chemistry of Natural Products, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North MacedoniaInstitute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North MacedoniaLaboratory Chemistry of Natural Products, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaBulgaria and North Macedonia have a long history of the production and use of honey; however, there is an obvious lack of systematic and in-depth research on honey from both countries. The oak honeydew honey is of particular interest, as it is highly valued by consumers because of its health benefits. The aim of this study was to characterize honeydew and floral honeys from Bulgaria and North Macedonia based on their NMR profiles. The 1D and 2D <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR spectra were measured of 16 North Macedonian and 22 Bulgarian honey samples. A total of 25 individual substances were identified, including quinovose, which was found for the first time in honey. Chemometric methods (PCA—principal component analysis, PLS-DA—partial least squares discriminant analysis, ANOVA—analysis of variance) were used to detect similarities and differences between samples, as well as to determine their botanical and geographical origin. Semiquantitative data on individual sugars and some other constituents were obtained, which allowed for the reliable classification of honey samples by botanical and geographical origin, based on chemometric approaches. The results enabled us to distinguish oak honeydew honey from other honey types, and to determine the country of origin. NMR was a rapid and convenient method, avoiding the need for other more time-consuming analytical techniques.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/20/4687NMR spectroscopyhoneyhoneydew honeygeographical originclassification |
| spellingShingle | Dessislava Gerginova Svetlana Simova Milena Popova Marina Stefova Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva Vassya Bankova NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical Origin Molecules NMR spectroscopy honey honeydew honey geographical origin classification |
| title | NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical Origin |
| title_full | NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical Origin |
| title_fullStr | NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical Origin |
| title_full_unstemmed | NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical Origin |
| title_short | NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical Origin |
| title_sort | nmr profiling of north macedonian and bulgarian honeys for detection of botanical and geographical origin |
| topic | NMR spectroscopy honey honeydew honey geographical origin classification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/20/4687 |
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