Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and Maturation
Retroviruses have a very complex and tightly controlled life cycle which has been studied intensely for decades. After a virus enters the cell, it reverse-transcribes its genome, which is then integrated into the host genome, and subsequently all structural and regulatory proteins are transcribed an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/1/54 |
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| author | Anna-Sophia Krebs Luiza M. Mendonça Peijun Zhang |
| author_facet | Anna-Sophia Krebs Luiza M. Mendonça Peijun Zhang |
| author_sort | Anna-Sophia Krebs |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Retroviruses have a very complex and tightly controlled life cycle which has been studied intensely for decades. After a virus enters the cell, it reverse-transcribes its genome, which is then integrated into the host genome, and subsequently all structural and regulatory proteins are transcribed and translated. The proteins, along with the viral genome, assemble into a new virion, which buds off the host cell and matures into a newly infectious virion. If any one of these steps are faulty, the virus cannot produce infectious viral progeny. Recent advances in structural and molecular techniques have made it possible to better understand this class of viruses, including details about how they regulate and coordinate the different steps of the virus life cycle. In this review we summarize the molecular analysis of the assembly and maturation steps of the life cycle by providing an overview on structural and biochemical studies to understand these processes. We also outline the differences between various retrovirus families with regards to these processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:21:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a6171a2cb1d4fac835dc6ba670754f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:21:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a6171a2cb1d4fac835dc6ba670754f12023-11-23T15:41:26ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-12-011415410.3390/v14010054Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and MaturationAnna-Sophia Krebs0Luiza M. Mendonça1Peijun Zhang2Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UKDivision of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UKDivision of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UKRetroviruses have a very complex and tightly controlled life cycle which has been studied intensely for decades. After a virus enters the cell, it reverse-transcribes its genome, which is then integrated into the host genome, and subsequently all structural and regulatory proteins are transcribed and translated. The proteins, along with the viral genome, assemble into a new virion, which buds off the host cell and matures into a newly infectious virion. If any one of these steps are faulty, the virus cannot produce infectious viral progeny. Recent advances in structural and molecular techniques have made it possible to better understand this class of viruses, including details about how they regulate and coordinate the different steps of the virus life cycle. In this review we summarize the molecular analysis of the assembly and maturation steps of the life cycle by providing an overview on structural and biochemical studies to understand these processes. We also outline the differences between various retrovirus families with regards to these processes.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/1/54HIV-1maturationcapsidcryoEMcryoETretroviruses |
| spellingShingle | Anna-Sophia Krebs Luiza M. Mendonça Peijun Zhang Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and Maturation Viruses HIV-1 maturation capsid cryoEM cryoET retroviruses |
| title | Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and Maturation |
| title_full | Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and Maturation |
| title_fullStr | Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and Maturation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and Maturation |
| title_short | Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and Maturation |
| title_sort | structural analysis of retrovirus assembly and maturation |
| topic | HIV-1 maturation capsid cryoEM cryoET retroviruses |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/1/54 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT annasophiakrebs structuralanalysisofretrovirusassemblyandmaturation AT luizammendonca structuralanalysisofretrovirusassemblyandmaturation AT peijunzhang structuralanalysisofretrovirusassemblyandmaturation |