Ancient Roman Mortars from <i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Define Microstructural and Compositional Features
This research provides a characterization of ancient Roman mortars from “<i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>” (commonly known as “<i>Villa di Pollio Felice</i>” or “<i>Bagni della Regina Giovanna</i>”). A deepened analysis of cementitious binding matrix and aggregat...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/5/469 |
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| author | Concetta Rispoli Renata Esposito Luigi Guerriero Piergiulio Cappelletti |
| author_facet | Concetta Rispoli Renata Esposito Luigi Guerriero Piergiulio Cappelletti |
| author_sort | Concetta Rispoli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research provides a characterization of ancient Roman mortars from “<i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>” (commonly known as “<i>Villa di Pollio Felice</i>” or “<i>Bagni della Regina Giovanna</i>”). A deepened analysis of cementitious binding matrix and aggregates was conducted with the aims of determining possible sources of raw materials and the mix recipe, and to evaluate the minerogenetic secondary processes. Twenty samples taken from the <i>Villa</i> were investigated by means of a multi-analytical approach, including polarized optical microscopy on thin sections, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy analysis, energy dispersed spectrometry, simultaneous thermal analyses, and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Bedding mortars were made with slaked lime mixed with volcanic materials, whereas coating mortars were made adding to previous recipe as ceramic fragments. All samples were classified as hydraulic mortars. Cementitious binding matrix was characterized by gel-like C-A-S-H, calcite, hydrocalumite, and gypsum, deriving from lime/pozzolanic material. Geomaterials used for mortar production had a local origin. Pozzolanic materials, such as volcanic fragments, scoriae, pumice, and crystal fragments derived from both pyroclastic rocks of the <i>Campi Flegrei</i> district and from rocks of the <i>Somma-Vesuvio</i> complex; porosity test suggest that the products related to minerogenetic secondary processes, make mortars more resistant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:49:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a787d4f8c264a4e9fc3868557cb4988 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:49:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a787d4f8c264a4e9fc3868557cb49882023-11-21T17:45:27ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2021-04-0111546910.3390/min11050469Ancient Roman Mortars from <i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Define Microstructural and Compositional FeaturesConcetta Rispoli0Renata Esposito1Luigi Guerriero2Piergiulio Cappelletti3Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Ed. L, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, ItalyDipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Porta di Massa 1, 80133 Naples, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Ed. L, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Ed. L, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, ItalyThis research provides a characterization of ancient Roman mortars from “<i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>” (commonly known as “<i>Villa di Pollio Felice</i>” or “<i>Bagni della Regina Giovanna</i>”). A deepened analysis of cementitious binding matrix and aggregates was conducted with the aims of determining possible sources of raw materials and the mix recipe, and to evaluate the minerogenetic secondary processes. Twenty samples taken from the <i>Villa</i> were investigated by means of a multi-analytical approach, including polarized optical microscopy on thin sections, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy analysis, energy dispersed spectrometry, simultaneous thermal analyses, and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Bedding mortars were made with slaked lime mixed with volcanic materials, whereas coating mortars were made adding to previous recipe as ceramic fragments. All samples were classified as hydraulic mortars. Cementitious binding matrix was characterized by gel-like C-A-S-H, calcite, hydrocalumite, and gypsum, deriving from lime/pozzolanic material. Geomaterials used for mortar production had a local origin. Pozzolanic materials, such as volcanic fragments, scoriae, pumice, and crystal fragments derived from both pyroclastic rocks of the <i>Campi Flegrei</i> district and from rocks of the <i>Somma-Vesuvio</i> complex; porosity test suggest that the products related to minerogenetic secondary processes, make mortars more resistant.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/5/469ancient mortarsanalytical characterizationSorrento Peninsula |
| spellingShingle | Concetta Rispoli Renata Esposito Luigi Guerriero Piergiulio Cappelletti Ancient Roman Mortars from <i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Define Microstructural and Compositional Features Minerals ancient mortars analytical characterization Sorrento Peninsula |
| title | Ancient Roman Mortars from <i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Define Microstructural and Compositional Features |
| title_full | Ancient Roman Mortars from <i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Define Microstructural and Compositional Features |
| title_fullStr | Ancient Roman Mortars from <i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Define Microstructural and Compositional Features |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ancient Roman Mortars from <i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Define Microstructural and Compositional Features |
| title_short | Ancient Roman Mortars from <i>Villa del Capo di Sorrento</i>: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Define Microstructural and Compositional Features |
| title_sort | ancient roman mortars from i villa del capo di sorrento i a multi analytical approach to define microstructural and compositional features |
| topic | ancient mortars analytical characterization Sorrento Peninsula |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/5/469 |
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