Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Unusual Disease of Gastrointestinal Tract
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare gastrointestinal disease characterized by generalized abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding and weight loss. The etiology and pathogenesis are not well understood and mostly based on case reports. Clinical presentation may...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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José de Mello Saúde
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Gazeta Médica |
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| Online Access: | https://gazetamedica.pt/index.php/gazeta/article/view/536 |
| _version_ | 1811304942967717888 |
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| author | Margarida Gaudêncio Teresa Mendonça |
| author_facet | Margarida Gaudêncio Teresa Mendonça |
| author_sort | Margarida Gaudêncio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare gastrointestinal disease characterized by generalized abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding and weight loss. The etiology and pathogenesis are not well understood and mostly based on case reports. Clinical presentation may vary depending on sites and depth of involvement of the gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by histology that shows eosinophilic infiltration and the absence of secondary cause of eosinophilia.
The authors present a case report of a 47-year-old woman that was diagnosed with dyslipidemia, obesity and allergic rhinitis. She had no significant family history. She was admitted in internal medicine department with 2 weeks of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss (> 10%). Further study revealed increased eosinophil count, normocytic anemia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and normal Ig E levels. Digestive endoscopic study was performed, and multiple biopsy specimens showed moderate eosinophilic infiltration in stomach and duodenal mucosa.
The patient was started on prednisolone, with clinical improvement. Follow-up go the patient twenty years after the beginning of this treatment showed stabilization of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests.
So, eosinophilic gastroenteritis is characterized by three criteria - presence of gastrointestinal symptoms, histologic evidence of eosinophilic infiltration and exclusion of other causes of tissue eosinophilia. The treatment is based on the severity of symptoms. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy, so the usual dose of prednisolone/prednisone is 20-40 mg daily for two weeks with tapering thereafter. In the literature, the use of montelukast and biologic agents have been reported.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:16:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a797d5fff3d4c6badf7bb7689889f73 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2183-8135 2184-0628 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:16:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | José de Mello Saúde |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gazeta Médica |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a797d5fff3d4c6badf7bb7689889f732022-12-22T02:54:46ZengJosé de Mello SaúdeGazeta Médica2183-81352184-06282022-11-0111Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Unusual Disease of Gastrointestinal TractMargarida Gaudêncio0Teresa Mendonça1Serviço de Medicina Interna, Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz, Figueira da Foz, Portugal.Unidade de Imunologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal. Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal.Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare gastrointestinal disease characterized by generalized abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding and weight loss. The etiology and pathogenesis are not well understood and mostly based on case reports. Clinical presentation may vary depending on sites and depth of involvement of the gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by histology that shows eosinophilic infiltration and the absence of secondary cause of eosinophilia. The authors present a case report of a 47-year-old woman that was diagnosed with dyslipidemia, obesity and allergic rhinitis. She had no significant family history. She was admitted in internal medicine department with 2 weeks of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss (> 10%). Further study revealed increased eosinophil count, normocytic anemia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and normal Ig E levels. Digestive endoscopic study was performed, and multiple biopsy specimens showed moderate eosinophilic infiltration in stomach and duodenal mucosa. The patient was started on prednisolone, with clinical improvement. Follow-up go the patient twenty years after the beginning of this treatment showed stabilization of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests. So, eosinophilic gastroenteritis is characterized by three criteria - presence of gastrointestinal symptoms, histologic evidence of eosinophilic infiltration and exclusion of other causes of tissue eosinophilia. The treatment is based on the severity of symptoms. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy, so the usual dose of prednisolone/prednisone is 20-40 mg daily for two weeks with tapering thereafter. In the literature, the use of montelukast and biologic agents have been reported. https://gazetamedica.pt/index.php/gazeta/article/view/536Enteritis/diagnosisEnteritis/drug therapyEosinophilia/diagnosisEosinophilia/drug therapyGastritis/ diagnosisGastritis/drug therapy |
| spellingShingle | Margarida Gaudêncio Teresa Mendonça Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Unusual Disease of Gastrointestinal Tract Gazeta Médica Enteritis/diagnosis Enteritis/drug therapy Eosinophilia/diagnosis Eosinophilia/drug therapy Gastritis/ diagnosis Gastritis/drug therapy |
| title | Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Unusual Disease of Gastrointestinal Tract |
| title_full | Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Unusual Disease of Gastrointestinal Tract |
| title_fullStr | Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Unusual Disease of Gastrointestinal Tract |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Unusual Disease of Gastrointestinal Tract |
| title_short | Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: An Unusual Disease of Gastrointestinal Tract |
| title_sort | eosinophilic gastroenteritis an unusual disease of gastrointestinal tract |
| topic | Enteritis/diagnosis Enteritis/drug therapy Eosinophilia/diagnosis Eosinophilia/drug therapy Gastritis/ diagnosis Gastritis/drug therapy |
| url | https://gazetamedica.pt/index.php/gazeta/article/view/536 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT margaridagaudencio eosinophilicgastroenteritisanunusualdiseaseofgastrointestinaltract AT teresamendonca eosinophilicgastroenteritisanunusualdiseaseofgastrointestinaltract |