Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatment
Genomic medicine can enhance prevention and treatment. First, we propose that advances in genomics have the potential to enhance assessment of disease risk, improve prognostic predictions, and guide treatment development and application. Clinical implementation of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) has em...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Addiction Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772392523000238 |
| _version_ | 1797801615646785536 |
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| author | Li-Shiun Chen Timothy B. Baker Alex Ramsey Christopher I. Amos Laura J. Bierut |
| author_facet | Li-Shiun Chen Timothy B. Baker Alex Ramsey Christopher I. Amos Laura J. Bierut |
| author_sort | Li-Shiun Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Genomic medicine can enhance prevention and treatment. First, we propose that advances in genomics have the potential to enhance assessment of disease risk, improve prognostic predictions, and guide treatment development and application. Clinical implementation of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) has emerged as an area of active research. The pathway from genomic discovery to implementation is an iterative process. Second, we provide examples on how genomic medicine has the potential to solve problems in prevention and treatment using two examples: Lung cancer screening and evidence-based tobacco treatment are both under-utilized and great opportunities for genomic interventions. Third, we discuss the translational process for developing genomic interventions from evidence to implementation by presenting a model to evaluate genomic evidence for clinical implementation, mechanisms of genomic interventions, and patient desire for genomic interventions. Fourth, we present potential challenges in genomic interventions including a great need for evidence in all diverse populations, little evidence on treatment algorithms, challenges in accommodating a dynamic evidence base, and implementation challenges in real world clinical settings. Finally, we conclude that research to identify genomic markers that are associated with smoking cessation success and the efficacy of smoking cessation treatments is needed to empower people of all diverse ancestry. Importantly, genomic data can be used to help identify patients with elevated risk for nicotine addiction, difficulty quitting smoking, favorable response to specific pharmacotherapy, and tobacco-related health problems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:53:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a7caf0ddbd14892a8080d9f2c4134c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-3925 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:53:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Addiction Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a7caf0ddbd14892a8080d9f2c4134c92023-06-18T05:04:03ZengElsevierAddiction Neuroscience2772-39252023-09-017100083Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatmentLi-Shiun Chen0Timothy B. Baker1Alex Ramsey2Christopher I. Amos3Laura J. Bierut4Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Corresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry (Box 8134), Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United StatesGenomic medicine can enhance prevention and treatment. First, we propose that advances in genomics have the potential to enhance assessment of disease risk, improve prognostic predictions, and guide treatment development and application. Clinical implementation of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) has emerged as an area of active research. The pathway from genomic discovery to implementation is an iterative process. Second, we provide examples on how genomic medicine has the potential to solve problems in prevention and treatment using two examples: Lung cancer screening and evidence-based tobacco treatment are both under-utilized and great opportunities for genomic interventions. Third, we discuss the translational process for developing genomic interventions from evidence to implementation by presenting a model to evaluate genomic evidence for clinical implementation, mechanisms of genomic interventions, and patient desire for genomic interventions. Fourth, we present potential challenges in genomic interventions including a great need for evidence in all diverse populations, little evidence on treatment algorithms, challenges in accommodating a dynamic evidence base, and implementation challenges in real world clinical settings. Finally, we conclude that research to identify genomic markers that are associated with smoking cessation success and the efficacy of smoking cessation treatments is needed to empower people of all diverse ancestry. Importantly, genomic data can be used to help identify patients with elevated risk for nicotine addiction, difficulty quitting smoking, favorable response to specific pharmacotherapy, and tobacco-related health problems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772392523000238GenomicsPolygenic riskClinical implementationGenomic medicinePrecision treatmentPrecision prevention |
| spellingShingle | Li-Shiun Chen Timothy B. Baker Alex Ramsey Christopher I. Amos Laura J. Bierut Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatment Addiction Neuroscience Genomics Polygenic risk Clinical implementation Genomic medicine Precision treatment Precision prevention |
| title | Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatment |
| title_full | Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatment |
| title_fullStr | Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatment |
| title_short | Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatment |
| title_sort | genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders translation to precision prevention and treatment |
| topic | Genomics Polygenic risk Clinical implementation Genomic medicine Precision treatment Precision prevention |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772392523000238 |
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