Performance and Metacognition in Scientific Reasoning: The Covariation Detection Task
The aim of this study was to introduce a modified version of the covariation detection task to the meta-reasoning framework. This task has been used to assess scientific reasoning through the evaluation of fictitious experiment outcomes and hypothesis testing. The traditional covariation detection t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Rijeka
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Psychological Topics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.pt.ffri.hr/index.php/pt/article/view/520 |
| _version_ | 1828857036340723712 |
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| author | Pavle Valerjev Marin Dujmović |
| author_facet | Pavle Valerjev Marin Dujmović |
| author_sort | Pavle Valerjev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to introduce a modified version of the covariation detection task to the meta-reasoning framework. This task has been used to assess scientific reasoning through the evaluation of fictitious experiment outcomes and hypothesis testing. The traditional covariation detection task was modified to include only the magnitude versus ratio-bias. The participants' task was to evaluate the effectiveness of an experimental manipulation in a series of fictitious experiments. Experiment 1 (N = 61) consisted of twenty covariation detection tasks. In half of the tasks, normative and heuristic responses were congruent, and for the other half they were incongruent. Experiment 2 (N = 48) had the same experimental design, however, the fictitious data was modified to increase the relative strength of the normative response. After each trial participants provided a judgment of confidence. Results confirmed that the main manipulation of congruence was successful. Participants were more accurate, faster and more confident in the congruent condition. The manipulation from Experiment 2 had a larger impact on response times than on confidence judgments and accuracy. Correct responses were faster in Experiment 2 when compared to Experiment 1, with higher confidence for correct congruent responses. Analyses by response type revealed large individual differences in the relative strength of the processes which generate normative and biased responses. Participants were faster and more confident when rationalizing in favour of their dominant response while they were slower and less confident when decoupling from that dominant response. The covariation detection task provides new valuable insight into metareasoning processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:28:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a8c58a39cf84b07ac0b69a1eb5ea4b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1332-0742 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:28:56Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | University of Rijeka |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Psychological Topics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a8c58a39cf84b07ac0b69a1eb5ea4b02022-12-22T00:04:03ZengUniversity of RijekaPsychological Topics1332-07422019-05-0128193113208Performance and Metacognition in Scientific Reasoning: The Covariation Detection TaskPavle Valerjev0Marin Dujmović1University of Zadar, Department of Psychology, ZadarUniversity of Bristol, School of Psychological Science, BristolThe aim of this study was to introduce a modified version of the covariation detection task to the meta-reasoning framework. This task has been used to assess scientific reasoning through the evaluation of fictitious experiment outcomes and hypothesis testing. The traditional covariation detection task was modified to include only the magnitude versus ratio-bias. The participants' task was to evaluate the effectiveness of an experimental manipulation in a series of fictitious experiments. Experiment 1 (N = 61) consisted of twenty covariation detection tasks. In half of the tasks, normative and heuristic responses were congruent, and for the other half they were incongruent. Experiment 2 (N = 48) had the same experimental design, however, the fictitious data was modified to increase the relative strength of the normative response. After each trial participants provided a judgment of confidence. Results confirmed that the main manipulation of congruence was successful. Participants were more accurate, faster and more confident in the congruent condition. The manipulation from Experiment 2 had a larger impact on response times than on confidence judgments and accuracy. Correct responses were faster in Experiment 2 when compared to Experiment 1, with higher confidence for correct congruent responses. Analyses by response type revealed large individual differences in the relative strength of the processes which generate normative and biased responses. Participants were faster and more confident when rationalizing in favour of their dominant response while they were slower and less confident when decoupling from that dominant response. The covariation detection task provides new valuable insight into metareasoning processes.http://www.pt.ffri.hr/index.php/pt/article/view/520meta-reasoningscientific reasoningcovariation detection taskcognitive decouplingcognitive biasdual-process theory |
| spellingShingle | Pavle Valerjev Marin Dujmović Performance and Metacognition in Scientific Reasoning: The Covariation Detection Task Psychological Topics meta-reasoning scientific reasoning covariation detection task cognitive decoupling cognitive bias dual-process theory |
| title | Performance and Metacognition in Scientific Reasoning: The Covariation Detection Task |
| title_full | Performance and Metacognition in Scientific Reasoning: The Covariation Detection Task |
| title_fullStr | Performance and Metacognition in Scientific Reasoning: The Covariation Detection Task |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance and Metacognition in Scientific Reasoning: The Covariation Detection Task |
| title_short | Performance and Metacognition in Scientific Reasoning: The Covariation Detection Task |
| title_sort | performance and metacognition in scientific reasoning the covariation detection task |
| topic | meta-reasoning scientific reasoning covariation detection task cognitive decoupling cognitive bias dual-process theory |
| url | http://www.pt.ffri.hr/index.php/pt/article/view/520 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pavlevalerjev performanceandmetacognitioninscientificreasoningthecovariationdetectiontask AT marindujmovic performanceandmetacognitioninscientificreasoningthecovariationdetectiontask |