Synthesis and Biodegradation Test of a New Polyether Polyurethane Foam Produced from PEG 400, <sub>L</sub>-Lysine Ethyl Ester Diisocyanate (L-LDI) and Bis-hydroxymethyl Furan (BHMF)
In this paper we produced a bio-based polyether-polyurethane foam PU1 through the prepolymer method. The prepolymer was obtained by the reaction of PEG 400 with <sub>L</sub>-Lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate (L-LDI). The freshly prepared prepolymer was extended with 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/8/698 |
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| author | Fabrizio Olivito Pravin Jagdale Goldie Oza |
| author_facet | Fabrizio Olivito Pravin Jagdale Goldie Oza |
| author_sort | Fabrizio Olivito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper we produced a bio-based polyether-polyurethane foam PU1 through the prepolymer method. The prepolymer was obtained by the reaction of PEG 400 with <sub>L</sub>-Lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate (L-LDI). The freshly prepared prepolymer was extended with 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) to produce the final polyurethane. The renewable chemical BHMF was produced through the chemical reduction of HMF by sodium borohydride. HMF was produced by a previously reported procedure from fructose using choline chloride and ytterbium triflate. To evaluate the degradation rate of the foam PU1, we tested the chemical stability by soaking it in a 10% sodium hydroxide solution. The weight loss was only 12% after 30 days. After that, we proved that enzymatic hydrolysis after 30 days using cholesterol esterase was more favoured than hydrolysis with NaOH, with a weight loss of 24%, probably due to the hydrophobic character of the PU1 and a better adhesion of the enzyme on the surface with respect to water. BHMF was proved to be of crucial importance for the enzymatic degradation assay at 37 °C in phosphate buffer solution, because it represents the breaking point inside the polyurethane chain. Soil burial degradation test was monitored for three months to evaluate whether the joint activity of sunlight, climate changes and microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, could further increase the biodegradation. The unexpected weight loss after soil burial degradation test was 45% after three months. This paper highlights the potential of using sustainable resources to produce new biodegradable materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:31:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0a9ae42ceba34b5286d9e2b9ac904901 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:31:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0a9ae42ceba34b5286d9e2b9ac9049012023-11-19T03:14:47ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-08-0111869810.3390/toxics11080698Synthesis and Biodegradation Test of a New Polyether Polyurethane Foam Produced from PEG 400, <sub>L</sub>-Lysine Ethyl Ester Diisocyanate (L-LDI) and Bis-hydroxymethyl Furan (BHMF)Fabrizio Olivito0Pravin Jagdale1Goldie Oza2Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12C, 87036 Cosenza, ItalyCircular Carbon GmbH, Europaring 4, 94315 Straubing, GermanyCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, Pedro Escobedo 76703, MexicoIn this paper we produced a bio-based polyether-polyurethane foam PU1 through the prepolymer method. The prepolymer was obtained by the reaction of PEG 400 with <sub>L</sub>-Lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate (L-LDI). The freshly prepared prepolymer was extended with 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) to produce the final polyurethane. The renewable chemical BHMF was produced through the chemical reduction of HMF by sodium borohydride. HMF was produced by a previously reported procedure from fructose using choline chloride and ytterbium triflate. To evaluate the degradation rate of the foam PU1, we tested the chemical stability by soaking it in a 10% sodium hydroxide solution. The weight loss was only 12% after 30 days. After that, we proved that enzymatic hydrolysis after 30 days using cholesterol esterase was more favoured than hydrolysis with NaOH, with a weight loss of 24%, probably due to the hydrophobic character of the PU1 and a better adhesion of the enzyme on the surface with respect to water. BHMF was proved to be of crucial importance for the enzymatic degradation assay at 37 °C in phosphate buffer solution, because it represents the breaking point inside the polyurethane chain. Soil burial degradation test was monitored for three months to evaluate whether the joint activity of sunlight, climate changes and microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, could further increase the biodegradation. The unexpected weight loss after soil burial degradation test was 45% after three months. This paper highlights the potential of using sustainable resources to produce new biodegradable materials.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/8/698polyurethanesrenewable chemistrydegradationenzymerecycle |
| spellingShingle | Fabrizio Olivito Pravin Jagdale Goldie Oza Synthesis and Biodegradation Test of a New Polyether Polyurethane Foam Produced from PEG 400, <sub>L</sub>-Lysine Ethyl Ester Diisocyanate (L-LDI) and Bis-hydroxymethyl Furan (BHMF) Toxics polyurethanes renewable chemistry degradation enzyme recycle |
| title | Synthesis and Biodegradation Test of a New Polyether Polyurethane Foam Produced from PEG 400, <sub>L</sub>-Lysine Ethyl Ester Diisocyanate (L-LDI) and Bis-hydroxymethyl Furan (BHMF) |
| title_full | Synthesis and Biodegradation Test of a New Polyether Polyurethane Foam Produced from PEG 400, <sub>L</sub>-Lysine Ethyl Ester Diisocyanate (L-LDI) and Bis-hydroxymethyl Furan (BHMF) |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and Biodegradation Test of a New Polyether Polyurethane Foam Produced from PEG 400, <sub>L</sub>-Lysine Ethyl Ester Diisocyanate (L-LDI) and Bis-hydroxymethyl Furan (BHMF) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Biodegradation Test of a New Polyether Polyurethane Foam Produced from PEG 400, <sub>L</sub>-Lysine Ethyl Ester Diisocyanate (L-LDI) and Bis-hydroxymethyl Furan (BHMF) |
| title_short | Synthesis and Biodegradation Test of a New Polyether Polyurethane Foam Produced from PEG 400, <sub>L</sub>-Lysine Ethyl Ester Diisocyanate (L-LDI) and Bis-hydroxymethyl Furan (BHMF) |
| title_sort | synthesis and biodegradation test of a new polyether polyurethane foam produced from peg 400 sub l sub lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate l ldi and bis hydroxymethyl furan bhmf |
| topic | polyurethanes renewable chemistry degradation enzyme recycle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/8/698 |
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