Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in Kenya
ABSTRACT Arboviruses are among emerging pathogens of public and veterinary health significance. However, in most of sub-Saharan Africa, their role in the aetiologies of diseases in farm animals is poorly described due to paucity of active surveillance and appropriate diagnosis. Here, we report the d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Society for Microbiology
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | mSphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00488-22 |
| _version_ | 1827963875268493312 |
|---|---|
| author | Dorcus C. A. Omoga David P. Tchouassi Marietjie Venter Edwin O. Ogola Solomon Langat Caroline Getugi Georg Eibner Anne Kopp Inga Slothouwer Baldwyn Torto Sandra Junglen Rosemary Sang |
| author_facet | Dorcus C. A. Omoga David P. Tchouassi Marietjie Venter Edwin O. Ogola Solomon Langat Caroline Getugi Georg Eibner Anne Kopp Inga Slothouwer Baldwyn Torto Sandra Junglen Rosemary Sang |
| author_sort | Dorcus C. A. Omoga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Arboviruses are among emerging pathogens of public and veterinary health significance. However, in most of sub-Saharan Africa, their role in the aetiologies of diseases in farm animals is poorly described due to paucity of active surveillance and appropriate diagnosis. Here, we report the discovery of a previously unknown orbivirus in cattle collected in the Kenyan Rift Valley in 2020 and 2021. We isolated the virus in cell culture from the serum of a clinically sick cow aged 2 to 3 years, presenting signs of lethargy. High-throughput sequencing revealed an orbivirus genome architecture with 10 double-stranded RNA segments and a total size of 18,731 bp. The VP1 (Pol) and VP3 (T2) nucleotide sequences of the detected virus, tentatively named Kaptombes virus (KPTV), shared maximum similarities of 77.5% and 80.7% to the mosquito-borne Sathuvachari virus (SVIV) found in some Asian countries, respectively. Screening of 2,039 sera from cattle, goats, and sheep by specific RT-PCR identified KPTV in three additional samples originating from different herds collected in 2020 and 2021. Neutralizing antibodies against KPTV were found in 6% of sera from ruminants (12/200) collected in the region. In vivo experiments with new-born and adult mice induced body tremors, hind limb paralysis, weakness, lethargy, and mortality. Taken together, the data suggest the detection of a potentially disease-causing orbivirus in cattle in Kenya. Its impact on livestock, as well as its potential economic damage, needs to be addressed in future studies using targeted surveillance and diagnostics. IMPORTANCE The genus Orbivirus contains several viruses that cause large outbreaks in wild and domestic animals. However, there is little knowledge on the contribution of orbiviruses to diseases in livestock in Africa. Here, we report the identification of a novel presumably disease-causing orbivirus in cattle, Kenya. The virus, designated Kaptombes virus (KPTV), was initially isolated from a clinically sick cow aged 2 to 3 years, presenting signs of lethargy. The virus was subsequently detected in three additional cows sampled in neighboring locations in the subsequent year. Neutralizing antibodies against KPTV were found in 10% of cattle sera. Infection of new-born and adult mice with KPTV caused severe symptoms and lead to death. Together, these findings indicate the presence of a previously unknown orbivirus in ruminants in Kenya. These data are of relevance as cattle represents an important livestock species in farming industry and often is the main source of livelihoods in rural areas of Africa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:06:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0abecfbf7e7e4d1cbd4c9e97f0de0ab0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-5042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:06:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | mSphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-0abecfbf7e7e4d1cbd4c9e97f0de0ab02023-04-20T13:01:45ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymSphere2379-50422023-04-018210.1128/msphere.00488-22Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in KenyaDorcus C. A. Omoga0David P. Tchouassi1Marietjie Venter2Edwin O. Ogola3Solomon Langat4Caroline Getugi5Georg Eibner6Anne Kopp7Inga Slothouwer8Baldwyn Torto9Sandra Junglen10Rosemary Sang11International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, KenyaInternational Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, KenyaZoonotic Arbo and Respiratory Virus Research Program, Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health, University of Pretoria, Gezina, South AfricaInternational Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, KenyaCentre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, KenyaInternational Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, KenyaInstitute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, GermanyInternational Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, KenyaInstitute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, GermanyInternational Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, KenyaABSTRACT Arboviruses are among emerging pathogens of public and veterinary health significance. However, in most of sub-Saharan Africa, their role in the aetiologies of diseases in farm animals is poorly described due to paucity of active surveillance and appropriate diagnosis. Here, we report the discovery of a previously unknown orbivirus in cattle collected in the Kenyan Rift Valley in 2020 and 2021. We isolated the virus in cell culture from the serum of a clinically sick cow aged 2 to 3 years, presenting signs of lethargy. High-throughput sequencing revealed an orbivirus genome architecture with 10 double-stranded RNA segments and a total size of 18,731 bp. The VP1 (Pol) and VP3 (T2) nucleotide sequences of the detected virus, tentatively named Kaptombes virus (KPTV), shared maximum similarities of 77.5% and 80.7% to the mosquito-borne Sathuvachari virus (SVIV) found in some Asian countries, respectively. Screening of 2,039 sera from cattle, goats, and sheep by specific RT-PCR identified KPTV in three additional samples originating from different herds collected in 2020 and 2021. Neutralizing antibodies against KPTV were found in 6% of sera from ruminants (12/200) collected in the region. In vivo experiments with new-born and adult mice induced body tremors, hind limb paralysis, weakness, lethargy, and mortality. Taken together, the data suggest the detection of a potentially disease-causing orbivirus in cattle in Kenya. Its impact on livestock, as well as its potential economic damage, needs to be addressed in future studies using targeted surveillance and diagnostics. IMPORTANCE The genus Orbivirus contains several viruses that cause large outbreaks in wild and domestic animals. However, there is little knowledge on the contribution of orbiviruses to diseases in livestock in Africa. Here, we report the identification of a novel presumably disease-causing orbivirus in cattle, Kenya. The virus, designated Kaptombes virus (KPTV), was initially isolated from a clinically sick cow aged 2 to 3 years, presenting signs of lethargy. The virus was subsequently detected in three additional cows sampled in neighboring locations in the subsequent year. Neutralizing antibodies against KPTV were found in 10% of cattle sera. Infection of new-born and adult mice with KPTV caused severe symptoms and lead to death. Together, these findings indicate the presence of a previously unknown orbivirus in ruminants in Kenya. These data are of relevance as cattle represents an important livestock species in farming industry and often is the main source of livelihoods in rural areas of Africa.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00488-22orbivirusarboviruscattleKenyaAfrica |
| spellingShingle | Dorcus C. A. Omoga David P. Tchouassi Marietjie Venter Edwin O. Ogola Solomon Langat Caroline Getugi Georg Eibner Anne Kopp Inga Slothouwer Baldwyn Torto Sandra Junglen Rosemary Sang Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in Kenya mSphere orbivirus arbovirus cattle Kenya Africa |
| title | Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in Kenya |
| title_full | Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in Kenya |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in Kenya |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in Kenya |
| title_short | Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in Kenya |
| title_sort | characterization of a novel orbivirus from cattle reveals active circulation of a previously unknown and pathogenic orbivirus in ruminants in kenya |
| topic | orbivirus arbovirus cattle Kenya Africa |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00488-22 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dorcuscaomoga characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT davidptchouassi characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT marietjieventer characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT edwinoogola characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT solomonlangat characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT carolinegetugi characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT georgeibner characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT annekopp characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT ingaslothouwer characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT baldwyntorto characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT sandrajunglen characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya AT rosemarysang characterizationofanovelorbivirusfromcattlerevealsactivecirculationofapreviouslyunknownandpathogenicorbivirusinruminantsinkenya |