Irinotecan and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Evaluation Using Biochemical and Genotoxicity Markers
There is growing interest regarding the use of herbal preparations based on Cannabis sativa for medicinal purposes, despite the poorly understood interactions of their main constituent Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) with conventional drugs, especially cytostatics. The objective of this pilo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/6/1332 |
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| author | Ana Lucić Vrdoljak Nino Fuchs Anja Mikolić Suzana Žunec Irena Brčić Karačonji Andreja Jurič Ljerka Prester Vedran Micek Marijana Neuberg Samir Čanović Gordan Mršić Nevenka Kopjar |
| author_facet | Ana Lucić Vrdoljak Nino Fuchs Anja Mikolić Suzana Žunec Irena Brčić Karačonji Andreja Jurič Ljerka Prester Vedran Micek Marijana Neuberg Samir Čanović Gordan Mršić Nevenka Kopjar |
| author_sort | Ana Lucić Vrdoljak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is growing interest regarding the use of herbal preparations based on Cannabis sativa for medicinal purposes, despite the poorly understood interactions of their main constituent Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) with conventional drugs, especially cytostatics. The objective of this pilot study was to prove whether the concomitant intake of THC impaired liver function in male Wistar rats treated with the anticancer drug irinotecan (IRI), and evaluate the toxic effects associated with this exposure. IRI was administered once intraperitoneally (at 100 mg/kg of the body weight (b.w.)), while THC was administered per os repeatedly for 1, 3, and 7 days (at 7 mg/kg b.w.). Functional liver impairments were studied using biochemical markers of liver function (aspartate aminotransferase—AST, alanine aminotransferase—ALP, alkaline phosphatase—AP, and bilirubin) in rats given a combined treatment, single IRI, single THC, and control groups. Using common oxidative stress biomarkers, along with measurement of primary DNA damage in hepatocytes, the degree of impairments caused at the cellular level was also evaluated. THC caused a time-dependent enhancement of acute toxicity in IRI-treated rats, which was confirmed by body and liver weight reduction. Although single THC affected ALP and AP levels more than single IRI, the levels of liver function markers measured after the administration of a combined treatment mostly did not significantly differ from control. Combined exposure led to increased oxidative stress responses in 3- and 7-day treatments, compared to single IRI. Single IRI caused the highest DNA damage at all timepoints. Continuous 7-day oral exposure to single THC caused an increased mean value of comet tail length compared to its shorter treatments. Concomitant intake of THC slightly affected the levels of IRI genotoxicity at all timepoints, but not in a consistent manner. Further studies are needed to prove our preliminary observations, clarify the underlying mechanisms behind IRI and THC interactions, and unambiguously confirm or reject the assumptions made herein. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:57:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ac19646a0844623a966876c5b7ded13 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:57:42Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ac19646a0844623a966876c5b7ded132022-12-22T00:45:19ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492018-06-01236133210.3390/molecules23061332molecules23061332Irinotecan and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Evaluation Using Biochemical and Genotoxicity MarkersAna Lucić Vrdoljak0Nino Fuchs1Anja Mikolić2Suzana Žunec3Irena Brčić Karačonji4Andreja Jurič5Ljerka Prester6Vedran Micek7Marijana Neuberg8Samir Čanović9Gordan Mršić10Nevenka Kopjar11Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR-10001 Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity Hospital Centre Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR-10001 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR-10001 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR-10001 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR-10001 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR-10001 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR-10001 Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity Centre Varaždin, University North, HR-42000 Varaždin, CroatiaZadar General Hospital, HR-23000 Zadar, CroatiaForensic Science Centre “Ivan Vučetić”, HR-10000 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR-10001 Zagreb, CroatiaThere is growing interest regarding the use of herbal preparations based on Cannabis sativa for medicinal purposes, despite the poorly understood interactions of their main constituent Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) with conventional drugs, especially cytostatics. The objective of this pilot study was to prove whether the concomitant intake of THC impaired liver function in male Wistar rats treated with the anticancer drug irinotecan (IRI), and evaluate the toxic effects associated with this exposure. IRI was administered once intraperitoneally (at 100 mg/kg of the body weight (b.w.)), while THC was administered per os repeatedly for 1, 3, and 7 days (at 7 mg/kg b.w.). Functional liver impairments were studied using biochemical markers of liver function (aspartate aminotransferase—AST, alanine aminotransferase—ALP, alkaline phosphatase—AP, and bilirubin) in rats given a combined treatment, single IRI, single THC, and control groups. Using common oxidative stress biomarkers, along with measurement of primary DNA damage in hepatocytes, the degree of impairments caused at the cellular level was also evaluated. THC caused a time-dependent enhancement of acute toxicity in IRI-treated rats, which was confirmed by body and liver weight reduction. Although single THC affected ALP and AP levels more than single IRI, the levels of liver function markers measured after the administration of a combined treatment mostly did not significantly differ from control. Combined exposure led to increased oxidative stress responses in 3- and 7-day treatments, compared to single IRI. Single IRI caused the highest DNA damage at all timepoints. Continuous 7-day oral exposure to single THC caused an increased mean value of comet tail length compared to its shorter treatments. Concomitant intake of THC slightly affected the levels of IRI genotoxicity at all timepoints, but not in a consistent manner. Further studies are needed to prove our preliminary observations, clarify the underlying mechanisms behind IRI and THC interactions, and unambiguously confirm or reject the assumptions made herein.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/6/1332cannabinoid-based preparationsfunctional liver impairmentsgenotoxicityhepatocytesliver to body weight ratiooxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Ana Lucić Vrdoljak Nino Fuchs Anja Mikolić Suzana Žunec Irena Brčić Karačonji Andreja Jurič Ljerka Prester Vedran Micek Marijana Neuberg Samir Čanović Gordan Mršić Nevenka Kopjar Irinotecan and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Evaluation Using Biochemical and Genotoxicity Markers Molecules cannabinoid-based preparations functional liver impairments genotoxicity hepatocytes liver to body weight ratio oxidative stress |
| title | Irinotecan and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Evaluation Using Biochemical and Genotoxicity Markers |
| title_full | Irinotecan and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Evaluation Using Biochemical and Genotoxicity Markers |
| title_fullStr | Irinotecan and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Evaluation Using Biochemical and Genotoxicity Markers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Irinotecan and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Evaluation Using Biochemical and Genotoxicity Markers |
| title_short | Irinotecan and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Evaluation Using Biochemical and Genotoxicity Markers |
| title_sort | irinotecan and δ9 tetrahydrocannabinol interactions in rat liver a preliminary evaluation using biochemical and genotoxicity markers |
| topic | cannabinoid-based preparations functional liver impairments genotoxicity hepatocytes liver to body weight ratio oxidative stress |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/6/1332 |
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