Clinico-Pathological Study of LeprosyA Descriptive Study
Introduction: Leprosy is an age old disease affecting mankind with various clinico-pathological forms. Mycobacterium Leprae causes a chronic infectious disease known as Leprosy or Hansen’s disease. It remained a major public health issue due to associated case load, morbidity and stigma attached...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd.
2021-07-01
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| Series: | National Journal of Laboratory Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.njlm.net/articles/PDF/2516/47272_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_PF1(MG_SHU)_PFA(MG_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Leprosy is an age old disease affecting mankind
with various clinico-pathological forms. Mycobacterium
Leprae causes a chronic infectious disease known as Leprosy
or Hansen’s disease. It remained a major public health issue
due to associated case load, morbidity and stigma attached
to it. Clinical and histopathological examination along with
demonstration of lepra bacilli in skin smears by Fite-faraco stain
and Bacillary Index (BI) is widely used for proper classification
and diagnosis of leprosy.
Aim: To study the clinico-pathological features of leprosy in
skin biopsies and to categorise into various types of lesions
according to Ridley Jopling classification.
Materials and Methods: The descriptive study included
clinically diagnosed 183 leprosy cases which underwent skin
biopsy for histopathological examination from January 2017 to
December 2018 at Shri Bhausaheb Hire Government Medical
College Dhule, Maharashtra. All sections were stained with
hematoxylin and eosin and Fite-faraco stain. Ridley-Jopling
classification was made to classify leprosy. Clinical diagnosis
was in concordance with that of histopathological diagnosis.
Results: A total of 183 skin biopsies were studied from patients
with an age group of 11-76 years. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1
and commonest age group affected was 21-40 years. Clinically,
maximum 78 cases (42.6%) were diagnosed as Borderline
Tuberculoid (BT) leprosy followed by indeterminate leprosy 34
(18.57%). On histopathological examination also maximum
cases were BT leprosy 64 (82.05%) followed by Tuberculoid
(TT) leprosy 13 (81.25%). Fite-faraco stain was done in 71
cases and positive in all cases of Borderline Lepromatous (BL)
and Lepromatous Leprosy (LL). Also,concordance between
Bacillary Index (BI) and histopathology examination was
done. The clinico-histopathological concordance was seen in
127 cases (69.39%).
Conclusion: Early and accurate diagnosis by clinical,
histopathological examination along with special stain is
essential for proper diagnosis and treatment of the patient as
well as prevention of its complication. |
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| ISSN: | 2277-8551 2455-6882 |