Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Instantaneous Frequency Variation to Overcome the Cross-Over Artifact in Rhythmic EEG
Generally, for healthy adults, the entropy of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals gradually decreases from wake to sleep stages N1, N2, to N3, and increases during REM. However, some researchers found that multiscale entropy curves of sleep and wakefulness intercept, a cross-over phenomenon whose ori...
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IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9321409/ |
| _version_ | 1818402385977933824 |
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| author | Yan Li Juan Liu Chi Tang Wei Han Shengyi Zhou Siqi Yang Long He Da Jing Erping Luo Kangning Xie |
| author_facet | Yan Li Juan Liu Chi Tang Wei Han Shengyi Zhou Siqi Yang Long He Da Jing Erping Luo Kangning Xie |
| author_sort | Yan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Generally, for healthy adults, the entropy of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals gradually decreases from wake to sleep stages N1, N2, to N3, and increases during REM. However, some researchers found that multiscale entropy curves of sleep and wakefulness intercept, a cross-over phenomenon whose origin remains unexplored. The objective of the present work is to trace the origin of the cross-over phenomenon and to propose a workaround strategy. We simulated EEG by generating 1/f broadband signal and chirp signals with continuously varying frequencies. We then retrieved the rhythmic component from simulated EEG and real-world EEG and conducted MSE analysis of the instantaneous frequency variation (IFV) of the rhythmic component. The simulation revealed that this interception was ubiquitous in the MSE analysis of simulated EEG with rhythmic components of different frequencies. The cross-over point moved toward larger scale factors with the increasing sampling rate. We found that the MSE curve of IFV from real-world EEG for the wakefulness group was higher than that for sleep, showing no interception. These results suggest that (1) for a rhythmic signal like EEG, MSE analysis of the raw signal is highly affected by the rhythmic component, presenting artificial cross-over curves in sleep EEG study, (2) frequency variation of rhythmic components are complex signal which differs between wakefulness and sleep, in accordance with the complexity loss theory. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:07:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ac7c9fcba8f42ccbbbd4c8cab104b43 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:07:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ac7c9fcba8f42ccbbbd4c8cab104b432022-12-21T23:10:07ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362021-01-019128961290510.1109/ACCESS.2021.30513679321409Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Instantaneous Frequency Variation to Overcome the Cross-Over Artifact in Rhythmic EEGYan Li0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-2373Juan Liu1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3302-3033Chi Tang2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6038-9175Wei Han3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7116-8252Shengyi Zhou4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-0350Siqi Yang5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1902-1325Long He6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-1132Da Jing7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8823-4124Erping Luo8Kangning Xie9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6031-8489School of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaDepartment of Medical Engineering, 987th Hospital, Baoji, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaGenerally, for healthy adults, the entropy of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals gradually decreases from wake to sleep stages N1, N2, to N3, and increases during REM. However, some researchers found that multiscale entropy curves of sleep and wakefulness intercept, a cross-over phenomenon whose origin remains unexplored. The objective of the present work is to trace the origin of the cross-over phenomenon and to propose a workaround strategy. We simulated EEG by generating 1/f broadband signal and chirp signals with continuously varying frequencies. We then retrieved the rhythmic component from simulated EEG and real-world EEG and conducted MSE analysis of the instantaneous frequency variation (IFV) of the rhythmic component. The simulation revealed that this interception was ubiquitous in the MSE analysis of simulated EEG with rhythmic components of different frequencies. The cross-over point moved toward larger scale factors with the increasing sampling rate. We found that the MSE curve of IFV from real-world EEG for the wakefulness group was higher than that for sleep, showing no interception. These results suggest that (1) for a rhythmic signal like EEG, MSE analysis of the raw signal is highly affected by the rhythmic component, presenting artificial cross-over curves in sleep EEG study, (2) frequency variation of rhythmic components are complex signal which differs between wakefulness and sleep, in accordance with the complexity loss theory.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9321409/Multiscale entropy analysiscomplexitysleepbrain wave |
| spellingShingle | Yan Li Juan Liu Chi Tang Wei Han Shengyi Zhou Siqi Yang Long He Da Jing Erping Luo Kangning Xie Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Instantaneous Frequency Variation to Overcome the Cross-Over Artifact in Rhythmic EEG IEEE Access Multiscale entropy analysis complexity sleep brain wave |
| title | Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Instantaneous Frequency Variation to Overcome the Cross-Over Artifact in Rhythmic EEG |
| title_full | Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Instantaneous Frequency Variation to Overcome the Cross-Over Artifact in Rhythmic EEG |
| title_fullStr | Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Instantaneous Frequency Variation to Overcome the Cross-Over Artifact in Rhythmic EEG |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Instantaneous Frequency Variation to Overcome the Cross-Over Artifact in Rhythmic EEG |
| title_short | Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Instantaneous Frequency Variation to Overcome the Cross-Over Artifact in Rhythmic EEG |
| title_sort | multiscale entropy analysis of instantaneous frequency variation to overcome the cross over artifact in rhythmic eeg |
| topic | Multiscale entropy analysis complexity sleep brain wave |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9321409/ |
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