Role of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in First Febrile Seizures in Six Months to Six Years of Age at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Southern India
Introduction: Febrile Seizures (FS) are the most common neurological disorders among infants and young children, occurring in 2%-5% of children younger than five years of age. Iron deficiency is reported as a commonest micronutrient deficiency, that has been associated with FS. Aim: To find out...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-07-01
|
Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18148/61832_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_PF1_(SP_HB_OM)_PFA(OM)_PB(HB_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
Summary: | Introduction: Febrile Seizures (FS) are the most common
neurological disorders among infants and young children,
occurring in 2%-5% of children younger than five years of
age. Iron deficiency is reported as a commonest micronutrient
deficiency, that has been associated with FS.
Aim: To find out the cause of fever and the role of Iron Deficiency
Anaemia (IDA) and its outcome in first FS in six months to six
years of age.
Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective
observationa study, conducted in the Department of Paediatrics
at King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh,
India. The duration of the study was one year and seven months,
from December 2019 to July 2021. A total of 130 children (six
months- six years) were included in the study. A total of 65
cases had a febrile seizure and the rest 65 controls had a history
of Febrile Illness (FI) without seizures. Anaemia was defined as
the decrease of Haemoglobin (Hb)<11 gm%. Among the Red
Blood Cells (RBC) indices Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
<70 femtoliters (fl), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH)
<27 picograms (pg), plasma ferritin<12 µg/dL, and serum
ferrous<60 µg/dL, Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) >450 µg/
dL, transferrin<250 mg. Discrete variables are expressed as
counts (%) and compared using the Chi-square test, quantitative
variables were expressed as mean and Standard Deviation (SD)
and compared using t-test. and Statistical significance was set
at p-value<0.05. Analysis was done using Statistical Package
for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0.
Results: The mean age of the study participants (cases) was
2.57±1.5 years for cases and 2.56±1.35 years for controls. In
the present study, male:female ratio was 1.24:1. In the present
study, positive family history of seizures is an important risk
factor for FS. The observations came 43 (66.2%) cases were
IDA with FS 22 (33.8%) cases, were, with only FS 23 (35.4%) of
controls were, with IDA and FI 42 (64.6%) of controls with the FI,
which is statistically significant, p-value=0.001.
Conclusion: IDA is one of the major risk factors for FS in the
paediatric age group. Early identification and treatment of iron
deficiency may prove helpful in preventing FS in paediatric
patient. |
---|---|
ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |