Low Voltage Distribution Networks Modeling and Unbalanced (Optimal) Power Flow: A Comprehensive Review
The rapid increase of distributed energy resources (DERs) installation at residential and commercial levels can pose significant technical issues on the voltage levels and capacity of the network assets in distribution networks. Most of these issues occur in low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9576694/ |
| _version_ | 1819121736322383872 |
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| author | Ibrahim Anwar Ibrahim M. J. Hossain |
| author_facet | Ibrahim Anwar Ibrahim M. J. Hossain |
| author_sort | Ibrahim Anwar Ibrahim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The rapid increase of distributed energy resources (DERs) installation at residential and commercial levels can pose significant technical issues on the voltage levels and capacity of the network assets in distribution networks. Most of these issues occur in low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs) or near customer premises. A lack of understanding of the networks and advanced planning approaches by distribution network service providers (DNSPs) has led to rough estimations for maximum DERs penetration levels that LVDNs can accommodate. These issues might under- or over-estimate the actual hosting capacity of the LVDNs. Limited available data on LVDNs’ capacity to host DERs makes planning, installing, and connecting new DERs problematic and complex. In addition, the lack of transparency in LVDNs' data and information leads to model simplifications, such as ignoring the phase imbalance. This can lead to grossly inaccurate results. The main aim of this paper is to enable the understanding of the true extent of local voltage excursions to allow more targeted investment, improve the network’s reliability, enhance solar performance distribution, and increase photovoltaic (PV) penetration levels in LVDNs. Therefore, this paper reviews the state-of-the-art best practices in modeling unbalanced LVDNs as accurately as possible to avoid under- or over-estimation of the network’s hosting capacity. In addition, several PV system modeling variations are reviewed, showing their limitations and merits as a trade-off between accuracy, computational burden, and data availability. Moreover, the unbalanced power flow representations, solving algorithms, and available tools are explained extensively by providing a comparative study between these tools and the ones most commonly used in Australia. This paper also presents an overview of unbalanced optimal power flow representations with their related objectives, solving algorithms, and tools. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:41:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ae8f90098944f2ba5c0543c3573f30e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:41:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ae8f90098944f2ba5c0543c3573f30e2022-12-21T18:35:26ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362021-01-01914302614308410.1109/ACCESS.2021.31208039576694Low Voltage Distribution Networks Modeling and Unbalanced (Optimal) Power Flow: A Comprehensive ReviewIbrahim Anwar Ibrahim0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4559-364XM. J. Hossain1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7602-3581School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaThe rapid increase of distributed energy resources (DERs) installation at residential and commercial levels can pose significant technical issues on the voltage levels and capacity of the network assets in distribution networks. Most of these issues occur in low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs) or near customer premises. A lack of understanding of the networks and advanced planning approaches by distribution network service providers (DNSPs) has led to rough estimations for maximum DERs penetration levels that LVDNs can accommodate. These issues might under- or over-estimate the actual hosting capacity of the LVDNs. Limited available data on LVDNs’ capacity to host DERs makes planning, installing, and connecting new DERs problematic and complex. In addition, the lack of transparency in LVDNs' data and information leads to model simplifications, such as ignoring the phase imbalance. This can lead to grossly inaccurate results. The main aim of this paper is to enable the understanding of the true extent of local voltage excursions to allow more targeted investment, improve the network’s reliability, enhance solar performance distribution, and increase photovoltaic (PV) penetration levels in LVDNs. Therefore, this paper reviews the state-of-the-art best practices in modeling unbalanced LVDNs as accurately as possible to avoid under- or over-estimation of the network’s hosting capacity. In addition, several PV system modeling variations are reviewed, showing their limitations and merits as a trade-off between accuracy, computational burden, and data availability. Moreover, the unbalanced power flow representations, solving algorithms, and available tools are explained extensively by providing a comparative study between these tools and the ones most commonly used in Australia. This paper also presents an overview of unbalanced optimal power flow representations with their related objectives, solving algorithms, and tools.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9576694/Power distribution networksphase unbalancedpower flowmathematical optimizationinverter controlsmart grid |
| spellingShingle | Ibrahim Anwar Ibrahim M. J. Hossain Low Voltage Distribution Networks Modeling and Unbalanced (Optimal) Power Flow: A Comprehensive Review IEEE Access Power distribution networks phase unbalanced power flow mathematical optimization inverter control smart grid |
| title | Low Voltage Distribution Networks Modeling and Unbalanced (Optimal) Power Flow: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full | Low Voltage Distribution Networks Modeling and Unbalanced (Optimal) Power Flow: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_fullStr | Low Voltage Distribution Networks Modeling and Unbalanced (Optimal) Power Flow: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low Voltage Distribution Networks Modeling and Unbalanced (Optimal) Power Flow: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_short | Low Voltage Distribution Networks Modeling and Unbalanced (Optimal) Power Flow: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_sort | low voltage distribution networks modeling and unbalanced optimal power flow a comprehensive review |
| topic | Power distribution networks phase unbalanced power flow mathematical optimization inverter control smart grid |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9576694/ |
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